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Customer Care Solutions
RH-23 Series Transceivers
Troubleshooting Instructions
Issue 1 03/2004 Nokia Corporation
RH-23 Company confidential
Troubleshooting Instructions CCS Technical Documentation
Page 2 Nokia Corporation. Issue 1 03/2004
Company confidential RH-23
CCS Technical Documentation
RF Troubleshooting ....................................................................................................... 5
Introduction to RF troubleshooting .............................................................................5
RF Key component placement .....................................................................................6
RF Measurement points ...............................................................................................7
EGSM900 and GSM1800 Transmitter .......................................................................... 8
Additional information for EDGE troubleshooting ..................................................... 15
EGSM900 and GSM1800 Receiver ............................................................................. 23
Synthesizer ................................................................................................................... 28
General instructions for synthesizer troubleshooting ................................................28
Baseband troubleshooting ............................................................................................ 33
Main Troubleshooting Diagram ................................................................................36
Phone is dead .............................................................................................................37
Flash fault ..................................................................................................................38
Flash fault ..................................................................................................................39
Phone is jammed ........................................................................................................41
Charging fault ............................................................................................................42
SIM card fault ("Insert SIM card" or "SIM card rejected") ......................................43
Keypad fault ...............................................................................................................44
Keypad fault (continued) ...........................................................................................45
Display fault ...............................................................................................................46
Accessory detection fault ...........................................................................................47
Audio faults ...............................................................................................................48
Audio fault (microphone) ..........................................................................................50
Audio fault (IHF) .......................................................................................................51
Audio fault (headset microphone) .............................................................................52
Audio fault (headset earpiece) ...................................................................................53
Camera fault ...............................................................................................................54
FM Radio Troubleshooting ........................................................................................55
Keypad Illumination Fault .........................................................................................57
LCD1 Illumination Fault ...........................................................................................58
LCD2 Illumination Fault ...........................................................................................59
Issue 1 03/2004 Copyright Nokia. All rights reserved.. Page 3
RH-20 Company confidential
CCS Technical Documentation
Page 4 Copyright Nokia. All rights reserved. Issue 1 03/2004
Company confidential RH-23
CCS Technical Documentation
RF Troubleshooting
Introduction to RF troubleshooting
Measurements should be done using Spectrum analyzer with high-frequency high-
impedance passive probe (LO-/reference frequencies and RF power levels) and Oscillo-
scope with a 10:1 probe (DC-voltages and low frequency signals).
The RF-section is build around one RF-ASIC (HELGO N500). For easier troubleshooting,
this RF troubleshooting document is divided into sections.
Before changing HELGO, please check the following things: supply voltages are OK and
serial communication coming from baseband to HELGO.
Please note that the grounding of the PA module is directly below PA-module so it is dif-
ficult to check or change. Most RF semiconductors are static discharge sensitive! So
ESD protection must be taken care of duriong repair (ground straps and ESD soldering
irons). HELGO and PA are moisture sensitive so parts must be pre-baked prior to solder-
ing.
Apart from key components described in this document here are a lot of discrete compo-
nents (resistors, inductors and capacitors) which troubleshooting is done by checking if
soldering of the component is done properly (for factory repairs checking if it is missing
from PWB). Capacitor can be checked for shortening and resistors for value by means of
an ohmmeter, but be aware in-circuit measurements should be evaluated carefully.
Please be aware that all measured voltages or RF levels in this document are rough fig-
ures. Especially RF levels varies due to different measuring equipment or different
grounding of the used probe. When using RF probe usually a good way is to use metallic
tweezers to connect probe ground to PWB ground as close to measurement point as pos-
sible.
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CCS Technical Documentation
RF Key component placement
Figure 1: Component placement 1
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RF Measurement points
Figure 2: Component placement 2
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CCS Technical Documentation
EGSM900 and GSM1800 Transmitter
General instructions for Tx troubleshooting
Kindly refer to the Service Software Section, Service Concept dagram (p.40)
Connect test jig to computer with DAU-9S cable or to FPS-8 Flash Prommer with XCS-4
modular cable.
Make sure that you have PKD-1 dongle connected to computers parallel port.
Connect DC power supply to module test jig with FLC-2 cable.
Attention: When repairing or tuning transmitter use external DC supply with at
least 3A current capability. Set the DC supply voltage to 4.2V.
Connect an RF-cable to the module test jig (MJ-17) RF connector and to measurement
equipment or at least a 10dB attenuator, otherwise the PA may be damaged. Normally a
spectrum analyzer is used as measurement equipment.
Attention: Normally Spectrum analyzer maximum input power is +30dBm. It is recom-
mended to use 10dB attenuator on Spectrum analyzer input to prevent damage.
Set the phone module to test jig and start Phoenix service sofware
Initialize connection to phone. (use FBUS driver when using DAU9S and COMBOX driver
when using FPS-8)
Select product from the menu
File -> Choose product -> RH23/RH-33
From toolbar set operating mode to "Local"
Activate RF controls window from the menu
Testing -> RF Controls
From the RF controls window
- Select band "GSM900" or "GSM 1800" (Default = "GSM900")
- Set Active unit to "Tx" (Default = "Rx")
- Set Operation mode to "Burst" (Default = "Burst")
- Set Tx data type to "Random" (Default = "All1")
- Set Rx/Tx channel to 37 on GSM900 band or 700 on GSM1800 band (Defaults)
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- Set Tx PA mode to "Free" (Default)
- Set power level to 5 (Default = 19) on GSM900 or to 0 (Default = 15) on GSM1800
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Transmitter troubleshooting diagram
Figure 3: Transmitter troubleshooting
TX Troubleshooting TX OK
Yes
Check output signal level: Yes Check No Tune
[email protected](GSM900) all power TX power
[email protected] and 1880MHz levels, levels,
(GSM1800) OK?
(GSM1800&1900) OK?
OK?
No
Check output signal
No Yes
on 500MHz span Synthesizer
TX signal found? Signal found on incorrect troubleshooting
frequency?
Yes No
Check with RF probe signal level on
PA input: ~ -1...+5dBm Helgo
OK? No
troubleshooting
Yes
Start TX power level tuning and check tuned coefficient values:
Yes Tune TX coefficient
Highest level ~0.655...0.831(GSM900); ~0.567...0.782(GSM1800&1900)
Yes
)
Lowest level ~0.166...0.196(GSM900); ~0.176...0.225(GSM1800&1900) ) values
Base level ~0.137...0.166(GSM900); ~0.132...0.161(GSM1800&1900) )
Major differences?
No
Check control voltage with Check control loop Yes Replace Helgo
oscilloscope: components
PA Ctrl voltage >1.5V peak No OK?
OK?
Yes No
PA & Antenna Switch
troubleshooting Replace faulty
components
Page 10 Nokia Corporation. Issue 1 03/2004
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Figure 4: HELGO IC troubleshooting
HELGO IC
troubleshooting
Check with oscilloscope:
-TXI/TXQ signals Baseband
-VR1, VR2, VR4, VR5, VR6 =2.8V No
troubleshooting
-VrefRF01 = 1.35V
-Helgo serial interface
-TXP & TXC signals
OK?
Yes
Check with RF probe:
4G VCO signal output:
-3589.6MHz (GSM900) No
Synthesizer
-3495.6MHz (GSM1800) troubleshooting
-3760MHz (GSM1900)
Level > - 10dBm
OK?
Yes
Check modulator output components Yes
Replace HELGO
OK?
No
Replace faulty
component(s)
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CCS Technical Documentation
Figure 5: PA and Antenna Switch troubleshooting
PA & Antenna Switch
troubleshooting
Check with RF probe signal level on PA Check with oscilloscope:
input ~ -1...+5 dBm Yes -VANT1 (GSM900) Yes
Replace ant.
OK? -VANT2 (GSM1800) switch
-VANT3 (GSM1900)
OK?
Yes No
Check with oscilloscope: Check VANT line
-VBATT ~4V components
-VTXB = 2.8V pulsed OK?
-VPCTRL_900/1800/1900
OK?
Yes No
Yes
Replace faulty
component(s)
No
Replace PA
Check components Yes
around PA Replace
OK? HELGO
No
Replace faulty
component(s)
Page 12 Nokia Corporation. Issue 1 03/2004
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Pictures of transmitter signals
Figure 6:
TXI
VPCT
200mV/div 100us/div 200mV/div 100us/div
1
VPCTRL _900 power level high at R703/C703 X I/Q at R516/517 power level high Random data
VPCTRL_1800 power level high at R704/C704_
1
500mV/div 100us/div
500mV/div 100us/div
VANT_1 / GSM900 TX at C805 VANT_1,VANT_2,VANT_3
VANT_2 / GSM1800 TX at R804
( no signal/ Flatline on Oscilloscope screen)
500mV/div 100us/div 500mV/div MTB 100us/div
VTXB_900 at C713
VTXB_1800 at C714 TXP at J504
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CCS Technical Documentation
Figure 7: Tx out signal, 900 band, burst mode, channel 37
Marker 1 [T1] RBW 100 kHz RF Att 40 dB
Ref Lvl 28.46 dBm VBW 100 kHz
34 dBm 897.38997996 MHz SWT 2 s Unit dBm
34
21 dB Offset 1
30 A
20
10
0 1MA
-10
-20
-30
-40
-50
-60
-66
Center 897.4 MHz 200 kHz/ Span 2 MHz
Date: 28.APR.2003 15:09:42
Page 14 Nokia Corporation. Issue 1 03/2004
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CCS Technical Documentation
Additional information for EDGE troubleshooting
EDGE mode troubleshooting differs slightly from basic GSM troubleshooting.
Establish connection to the phone normally (see GSM900/1800 troubleshooting instruc-
tions).
Select product from the menu:
File -> Choose Product -> RH23/RH-33
From toolbar set operating mode to "Local"
Activate RF controls window from the menu:
Testing -> RF Controls
From the RF controls window:
Select Band "GSM900" or "GSM1800" (Default="GSM900")
Set Active unit to "Tx" (Default="Rx")
Set Edge "On" (Default="Off")
Set Operation mode to "Burst" (Default="Burst")
Set Tx data type to "Alternate PN9" (Default="All1")
Set Rx/Tx channel to 37 on GSM900 or 700 on GSM1800 (Defaults)
Set power level to 8 (Default = 19) on GSM900 or to 2 (Default = 15) on GSM1800
NOTE! For GSM900 Edge power levels 5, 6 and 7 are not in use and for GSM1800 Edge power levels
0 and 1 are not in use.
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Figure 8: Transmitter EDGE troubleshooting
TX EDGE Troubleshooting TX OK
Yes
Check output signal level: Yes Check No Tune
[email protected](GSM900) all power TX power
levels,
(GSM1800)
[email protected] and 1880MHz levels,
OK? OK?
(GSM1800&1900)
OK?
No
Check output signal
No Yes
on 500MHz span Synthesizer
TX signal found? Signal found on incorrect troubleshooting
frequency?
Yes No
Check with RF probe signal level on
PA input:
~-8dBm@PCL=8 (GSM900) No Helgo EDGE
~-10dBm@PCL=2 (GSM1800&1900) ) troubleshooting
OK?
Yes
Start TX Edge power level tuning and check tuned coefficient values:
) Yes Tune TX coefficient
Highest level ~0.684...0.841(GSM900); ~0.763...0.860(GSM1800&1900)
Yes values
Lowest level ~0.333...0.420(GSM900); ~0.323...0.362(GSM1800&1900) )
Base level ~0.273...0.313(GSM900); ~0.244...0.313(GSM1800&1900) )
Major differences?
No
Check control voltages with Check EDGE control Yes Replace Helgo
oscilloscope: loop components
Pa Iref ~2V peak (GSM900) No OK?
)
Pa Iref ~2.1V peak (GSM1800@1900)
Mode ~1.8V OK?
Yes No
PA & ant switch Replace faulty
EDGE troubleshooting components
Page 16 Nokia Corporation. Issue 1 03/2004
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Figure 9: Helgo EDGE troubleshooting
Helgo EDGE
troubleshooting
Check with oscilloscope:
-TXI/TXQ signals Baseband
-VR1, VR2, VR4, VR5, VR6 =2.8V No
troubleshooting
-VrefRF01 = 1.35V
-Helgo serial interface
-TXP & TXC & TXA
OK?
Yes
Check with RF probe:
4G VCO signal output:
-3589.6MHz (GSM900) No
Synthesizer
-3495.6MHz (GSM1800) troubleshooting
-3760MHz (GSM1900)
Level > - 10dBm
OK?
Yes
Check modulator output components Yes
Replace HELGO
and VPECTRL3 signal
OK?
No
Replace faulty
component(s)
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Figure 10: Pa & ant switch EDGE troubleshooting
PA & ant switch
EDGE troubleshooting
Check with RF probe signal level on PA Check with oscilloscope:
input: Yes -VANT1 (GSM900) Yes
Replace ant.
~ -8dBm@PCL=8 (GSM900) -VANT2 (GSM1800) switch
~ -10dBm@PCL=2 (GSM1800&1900) ) -VANT3 (GSM1900)
OK? OK?
Yes No
Check with oscilloscope: Check VANT line
-VBATT ~4V components
-Iref _900 ~2V peak OK?
-Iref_1800_1900 ~2.1V peak
-VTXB = 2.8V pulsed
-Mode = ~1.8V
OK?
Yes No
Yes
Replace faulty
component(s)
No
Replace PA
Check components Yes
around PA Replace
OK? HELGO
No
Replace faulty
component(s)
Page 18 Nokia Corporation. Issue 1 03/2004
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Pictures of EDGE transmitter signals
Figure 11: I_ref_900 power level 8 at R712/C726
Figure 12: VTXB 900 power level 8 at R718
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Figure 13: I_ref_1800 power level 2 at R713/C727
Figure 14: VTXB 1800 power level 2 at C717
Page 20 Nokia Corporation. Issue 1 03/2004
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Figure 15: TXA 900/1800 at C538
Figure 16: TXI/TXQ signal at C535/C536/R516/R517
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Figure 17: VPECTRL3 (ALC) signal at C512
Page 22 Nokia Corporation. Issue 1 03/2004
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EGSM900 and GSM1800 Receiver
General instructions for Rx troubleshooting
Connect test jig to computer with DAU-9S cable or to FPS-8 Flash Prommer with XCS-4
modular cable.
Make sure that you have PKD-1 dongle connected to computers parallel port.
Connect DC power supply to module test jig with FLC-2 cable.
Set the DC supply voltage to 4.2V.
Connect an RF-cable to the module test jig (MJS-38) RF connector and to RF signal gen-
erator.
Set the phone module to test jig and start Phoenix service sofware.
Initialize connection to phone. (use FBUS driver when using DAU9S and COMBOX driver
when using FPS-8)
Choose product from the menu
File -> Choose product -> RH23/RH-33
From toolbar set operating mode to "Local"
Activate RF controls window from the menu
Testing -> RF Controls
From the RF controls window:
- Select band "GSM900" or "GSM 1800" (Default = "GSM900")
- Set Active unit to "Rx" (Default = "Rx")
- Set Operation mode to "Burst" (Default = "Burst")
For continuous mode:
- Set Operation mode to "Continuous"
- Set AGC to "12: FEG_ON + DTOS_ON + BB_30=Vgain60" (maximum gain setting used
in normal mode)
(Default = "14: FEG_ON + DTOS_ON + BB_42=Vgain72")
- Set Rx/Tx channel to 37 on GSM900 band, 700 on GSM1800 band (Defaults)
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CCS Technical Documentation
Apply 942.46771 MHz (channel 37 + 67.710 kHz offset), 1842.86771 MHz (channel 700
+ 67.710 kHz offset) or 1960.06771 MHz (channel 661 + 67.71 kHz)