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Agilent MOI for 10GBASE-KR/40GBASE-KR4 Interconnect Tests
Revision 1.00
Apr-21, 2014
10GBASE-KR/40GBASE-KR4
Agilent Method of Implementation (MOI) for
10GBASE-KR/40GBASE-KR4 Backplane Ethernet
Interconnect Using Agilent E5071C ENA Option TDR
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Agilent MOI for 10GBASE-KR/40GBASE-KR4 Interconnect Tests
Table of Contents
1. Revision History ............................................................................................................. 4
2. Purpose ........................................................................................................................... 4
3. References ...................................................................................................................... 4
4. Required Equipment ....................................................................................................... 4
5. Test Procedure ................................................................................................................ 5
5.1. Outline of Test Procedure ......................................................................................... 5
5.2. Instrument Setup ....................................................................................................... 7
5.2.1. Recalling a State File ......................................................................................... 7
5.2.2. Saving a State File ............................................................................................. 8
5.2.3. Loading a VBA Project File .............................................................................. 9
5.3. Calibration .............................................................................................................. 10
5.3.1. Time & Frequency Domain Calibration (Channel 1) ...................................... 10
5.3.2. Frequency Domain Calibration (Channel 2) ................................................... 12
5.4. Measurement .......................................................................................................... 14
5.4.1. Characteristic Impedance ................................................................................ 14
5.4.2. Differential Skew ............................................................................................. 15
5.4.3. Insertion Loss .................................................................................................. 15
5.4.4. Fitted Attenuation ............................................................................................ 16
5.4.5. Insertion Loss Deviation .................................................................................. 17
5.4.6. Return Loss ...................................................................................................... 17
5.4.7. Power Sum Differential Near-end Crosstalk (PSNEXT) ................................ 18
5.4.8. Power Sum Differential Far-end Crosstalk (PSFEXT) ................................... 19
5.4.9. Power Sum Differential Crosstalk (PSXT) ..................................................... 21
5.4.10. Insertion Loss to Crosstalk Ratio (ICR) .......................................................... 21
6. [Appendix] Manual Setup ............................................................................................ 22
6.1. Channel & Trace Setup (Channel 1) ....................................................................... 22
6.2. Characteristic Impedance ....................................................................................... 23
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Agilent MOI for 10GBASE-KR/40GBASE-KR4 Interconnect Tests
6.3. Differential Skew .................................................................................................... 24
6.4. Insertion Loss (Liner Frequency Sweep) ............................................................... 25
6.5. Fitted Attenuation ................................................................................................... 25
6.6. Insertion Loss Deviation ......................................................................................... 25
6.7. Common Parameters Setup for Frequency-domain Measurements (Channel 2) ... 26
6.8. Insertion Loss (Log Frequency Sweep) .................................................................. 26
6.9. Return Loss ............................................................................................................. 27
6.10. Power Sum Differential Near-end Crosstalk (PSNEXT) ....................................... 27
6.11. Power Sum Differential Far-end Crosstalk (PSFEXT) .......................................... 28
6.12. Power Sum Differential Crosstalk (PSXT) ............................................................ 29
6.13. Insertion Loss to Crosstalk Ratio (ICR) ................................................................. 29
6.14. Defining Limit Line Tables .................................................................................... 29
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Agilent MOI for 10GBASE-KR/40GBASE-KR4 Interconnect Tests
1. Revision History
Revision Comments Issue Date
1.00 Initial Revision. Apr-21, 2014
2. Purpose
This test procedure was written to explain how to use the Agilent ENA Option TDR to
make the 10GBASE-KR/40GBASE-KR4 Backplane Ethernet interconnect measurements.
3. References
IEEE 802.3-2012 Section 5 (Jun. 2013)
4. Required Equipment
1. E5071C ENA Series Network Analyzer
Option 4K5 (20 GHz)
Option TDR (Enhanced time domain analysis)
2. Test Fixture
n/a
3. 4-port ECal Module
N4433A (for E5071C-4K5)
4. Coaxial RF cables
5. 50 Ohm terminators (if required)
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Agilent MOI for 10GBASE-KR/40GBASE-KR4 Interconnect Tests
5. Test Procedure
5.1. Outline of Test Procedure
1. Instrument Setup
Automatic setup by recalling a state file or manual setup.
Post processing (calculation) by loading a VBA project file using user menu
function.
2. Calibration
ECal Calibration
3. Measurements
4-1. Time-domain Measurements
- Characteristic Impedance
- Differential Skew
4-2. Frequency-domain Measurements
- Fitted Attenuation
- Insertion Loss
- Insertion Loss Deviation
- Return Loss
- Power Sum Differential Near-end Crosstalk (PSNEXT)
- Power Sum Differential Far-end Crosstalk (PSFEXT)
- Power Sum Differential Crosstalk (PSXT)
- Insertion Loss to Crosstalk Ratio (ICR)
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Agilent MOI for 10GBASE-KR/40GBASE-KR4 Interconnect Tests
Note: Hard Keys (Keys on the E5071C's front panel) are displayed in Blue color and Bold.
(Example: Avg, Analysis)
Note: Soft keys (Keys on the E5071C's screen) are displayed in Bold. (Example: S11, Real,
Transform)
Note: Buttons of the TDR software are displayed in Green color and Bold. (Example: Trace,
Rise Time)
Note: Tabs of the TDR software are displayed in Brown color and Bold. (Example: Setup,
Trace Control)
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Agilent MOI for 10GBASE-KR/40GBASE-KR4 Interconnect Tests
5.2. Instrument Setup
5.2.1. Recalling a State File
This section describes how to recall a state file of the E5071C that includes all the
measurement settings for 10GBASE-KR/40GBASE-KR4 backplane Ethernet interconnect
tests. The state file can be downloaded at: www.agilent.com/find/ena-tdr_ethernet-cabcon
Copy the state file into the E5071C's directory via USB mass storage device and recall the
state file using the TDR software. Necessary parameters for testing are automatically set up
in the E5071C. Refer to Appendix for the details about manual setup.
If TDR setup wizard is shown, click Close button in the TDR setup wizard main window.
1. Open Setup tab.
2. Click Advanced Mode to show the dialog box.
3. A dialog box appears requesting for confirmation. Then click Yes. (Uncheck "Use
Advanced Calibration Methods")
4. Click File and select Recall State to open the Recall State dialog box.
5. Specify a folder and a file name, and click Open.
The E5071C's channel 1 is used for both time & frequency domain measurements with
linear frequency sweep by using the TDR software at the bottom of the E5071C's screen.
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Agilent MOI for 10GBASE-KR/40GBASE-KR4 Interconnect Tests
The channel 2 is used for frequency-domain measurements with log frequency sweep by
using the soft key on the right side of the screen or hard key on the front panel.
5.2.2. Saving a State File
All the measurement settings including calibration information can be saved in a state file
(*.tdr). After performing calibration, all necessary calibration coefficients are saved in a
state file and can be recalled for the next measurements.
1. Press Save/Recall > Save Type and select State & Cal as a state file type.
2. Click File of the TDR software.
3. Select "Save State".
4. Enter file name and save the state file with calibration information
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Agilent MOI for 10GBASE-KR/40GBASE-KR4 Interconnect Tests
5.2.3. Loading a VBA Project File
The user menu function, which lets the users perform procedures assigned to specific soft
keys, is useful to perform the post processing. This section describes how to load a VBA
project file of the E5071C that perform the calculation for 10GBASE-KR/40GBASE-KR4
backplane Ethernet interconnect tests. The VBA project file can be downloaded at:
www.agilent.com/find/ena-tdr_ethernet-cabcon
Copy the VBA project file into the E5071C's directory via USB mass storage device and
recall the VBA project file.
1. Press Macro Setup > Load Project... to open the dialog box.
2. Specify a folder and a file name, and click Open.
3. Press Macro Setup > Select Macro > mdlUserMenu Main to load the VBA project.
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Agilent MOI for 10GBASE-KR/40GBASE-KR4 Interconnect Tests
5.3. Calibration
5.3.1. Time & Frequency Domain Calibration (Channel 1)
The purpose of this step is to calibrate the delay and loss of the RF cables and test fixtures
by following the wizard of the E5071C TDR software. Full calibration is performed by
using the 4-port ECal Module at the end of RF cables connected to the E5071C's test ports.
After connecting the test fixture to the cables, the effect of the fixture can be removed by
the fixture compensation function of the TDR software if required. This calibration is
applied for time & frequency domain measurements in Channel 1.
5.3.1.1. ECal Calibration & Fixture Compensation
Calibration for time & frequency domain measurements is performed by the TDR software.
The 4-port ECal Module (i.e. N4433A) connected to the USB port of the E5071C is
necessary for the calibration procedure.
1. Press Channel Next to select Channel 1.
2. Open Setup tab of the TDR software.
3. Click ECal to launch calibration wizard.
4. Connect all test cables to the ECal Module and click Calibrate. Once green check
mark appears, click Next>.
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Agilent MOI for 10GBASE-KR/40GBASE-KR4 Interconnect Tests
5. If it is not required to perform the fixture compensation, click Finish. If required to
compensate the fixture effects, disconnect the ECal Module and connect the test
fixtures to the RF cables. Click Fixture Comp to perform fixture compensation. Once
green check mark appears, click Finish to complete the compensation.
6. Connect DUT to the test fixtures.
7. Open Setup tab.
8. Click Auto to launch the diagram.
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Agilent MOI for 10GBASE-KR/40GBASE-KR4 Interconnect Tests
9. Click Measure to specify DUT's electrical length in the dialog box. Once green check
mark appears, click Finish.
5.3.2. Frequency Domain Calibration (Channel 2)
The purpose of this step is to calibrate out the RF effects (i.e. mismatch, loss or delay) of
RF cables and test fixtures. Full calibration is performed by using the 4-port ECal Module
at the end of RF cables connected to the E5071C's test ports. And if required, the test
fixtures are connected to the RF test cables, and the fixture's effect will be eliminated by
auto port extension function of the E5071C's firmware. The calibration is applied for
frequency-domain measurements in Channel 2.
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Agilent MOI for 10GBASE-KR/40GBASE-KR4 Interconnect Tests
5.3.2.1. ECal Calibration
Calibration for the frequency-domain measurement is performed by selecting the E5071C's
soft key. The 4-port ECal Module (i.e. N4433A) connected to the USB port of the E5071C
is necessary for the calibration procedure.
1. Press Channel Next key to select Channel 2.
2. Connect all RF test cables to the ECal Module.
3. Press Calibrate > ECal > 4-Port Cal.
5.3.2.2. Auto Port Extension
If required, the effect of the test fixtures (i.e. delay) can be removed by auto port extension
function of the E5071C's firmware. The calibration plane (at the RF test cables by ECal
calibration) is moved to the end of test fixtures by auto port extension.
1. Connect the test fixture to the RF cable. The DUT is not connected to the test fixture
(the fixture end is left open).
2. Press Cal > Port Extension > Auto Port Extension > Select Ports and check all ports
(Port 1 to Port 4).
3. Press Cal > Port Extension > Auto Port Extension > Measure Open and select All
to enable auto port extension.
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Agilent MOI for 10GBASE-KR/40GBASE-KR4 Interconnect Tests
5.4. Measurement
The procedures for time-domain and frequency-domain measurements are introduced in
this section. The physical connections depend on the manufacture's backplane
configuration and the number of measurements depends on the number of lanes.
5.4.1. Characteristic Impedance
1. Connect the E5071C and the test fixture with the RF cables (Figure 5-1).
E5071C Port 1 Port 2 Port 3 Port 4
Test Point TP1 + TP1 - TP4 + TP4 -
TP1 Mated Connector TP4
Figure 5-1 Characteristic Impedance Test Setup
Note: Unused fixture ports should be terminated with 50 ohm terminators if required.
2. Press Channel Next to select Channel 1 of the E5071C.
3. Select Trace 1 (Tdd11).
4. Click Stop Single.
5. Confirm the differential characteristic impedance is 100 ohm