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Notice
Hewlett-Packard to Agilent Technologies Transition
This documentation supports a product that previously shipped under the Hewlett-
Packard company brand name. The brand name has now been changed to Agilent
Technologies. The two products are functionally identical, only our name has changed. The
document still includes references to Hewlett-Packard products, some of which have been
transitioned to Agilent Technologies.
Printed in USA March 2000
User's Guide
HP 8591C
Cable TV Analyzer
Cable TV Measurements
HP part number: 08591-90176 Supersedes: 08591-90124
Printed in USA, October 1996
Notice.
The information contained in this document is subject to change without
notice.
Hewlett-Packard makes no warranty of any kind with regard to this material,
including but not limited to, the implied warranties of merchantability and
fitness for a particular purpose. Hewlett-Packard shall not be liable for errors
contained herein or for incidental or consequential damages in connection
with the furnishing, performance, or use of this material.
Regulatory Information.
The regulatory information is in the calibration guide for your analyzer.
acopyright 1996 Hewlett-Packard Company
All Rights Reserved. Reproduction, adaptation, or translation without prior
written permission is prohibited, except as allowed under the copyright laws
1400 Fountaingrove Parkway, Santa Rosa, CA 95403-1799, USA
Hewlett-Packard Software Product License
Agreement and Limited Warranty
Important
Please carefully read this License Agreement before opening the media envelope or operating the
equipment. Rights in the software are offered only on the condition that the Customer agrees to
all terms and conditions of the License Agreement. Opening the media envelope or operating the
equipment indicates your acceptance of these terms and conditions. If you do not agree to the License
Agreement, you may return the unopened package for a full refund.
111
License Agreement
In return for payment of the applicable fee, Hewlett-Packard grants the
Customer a license in the software, until terminated, subject to the following:
Use.
l Customer may use the software on one analyzer instrument
l Customer may not reverse assemble or decompile the software.
Copies and Adaptations.
l Customer may make copies or adaptations of the software:
q For archival purposes, or
q When copying or adaptation is an essential step in the use of the
software with a computer so long as the copies and adaptations are used
in no other manner.
l Customer has no other rights to copy unless they acquire an appropriate
license to reproduce which is available from Hewlett-Packard for some
software.
l Customer agrees that no warranty, free installation, or free training is
provided by Hewlett-Packard for any copies or adaptations made by
Customer.
l All copies and adaptations of the software must bear the copyright
notices(s) contained in or on the original.
Ownership.
l Customer agrees that they do not have any title or ownership of the
software, other than ownership of the physical media.
a Customer acknowledges and agrees that the software is copyrighted and
protected under the copyright laws.
l Customer acknowledges and agrees that the software may have been
developed by a third party software supplier named in the copyright
notice(s) included with the software, who shall be authorized to hold the
Customer responsible for any copyright infringement or violation of this
License Agreement.
iv
Transfer of Rights in Software.
l Customer may transfer rights in the software to a third party only as part
of the transfer of all their rights and only if Customer obtains the prior
agreement of the third party to be bound by the terms of this License
Agreement.
l Upon such a transfer, Customer agrees that their rights in the software are
terminated and that they will either destroy their copies and adaptations or
deliver them to the third party.
l Transfer to a U.S. government department or agency or to a prime or
lower tier contractor in connection with a U.S. government contract shall
be made only upon their prior written agreement to terms required by
Hewlett-Packard.
Sublicensing and Distribution.
l Customer may not sublicense the software or distribute copies or
adaptations of the software to the public in physical media or by
telecommunication without the prior written consent of Hewlett-Packard.
Termination.
l Hewlett-Packard may terminate this software license for failure to comply
with any of these terms provided Hewlett-Packard has requested Customer
to cure the failure and Customer has failed to do so within thirty (30) days
of such notice.
Updates and Upgrades.
l Customer agrees that the software does not include future updates
and upgrades which may be available for HP under a separate support
agreement.
Export.
l Customer agrees not to export or re-export the software or any copy or
adaptation in violation of the U.S. Export Administration regulations or
other applicable regulations.
V
Limited Warranty
Software.
Hewlett-Packard warrants for a period of 1 year from the date of purchase
that the software product will execute its programming instructions when
properly installed on the analyzer instrument indicated on this package.
Hewlett-Packard does not warrant that the operation of the software will
be uninterrupted or error free. In the event that this software product
fails to execute its programming instructions during the warranty period,
customer's remedy shall be to return the measurement card ("media") to
Hewlett-Packard for replacement. Should Hewlett-Packard be unable to
replace the media within a reasonable amount of time, Customer's alternate
remedy shall be a refund of the purchase price upon return of the product
and all copies.
Media.
Hewlett-Packard warrants the media upon which this product is recorded
to be free from defects in materials and workmanship under normal use
for a period of 1 year from the date of purchase. In the event any media
prove to be defective during the warranty period, Customer's remedy
shall be to return the media to Hewlett-Packard for replacement. Should
Hewlett-Packard be unable to replace the media within a reasonable amount
of time, Customer's alternate remedy shall be a refund of the purchase price
upon return of the product and all copies.
Notice of Warranty Claims.
Customer must notify Hewlett-Packard in writing of any warranty claim not
later than thirty (30) days after the expiration of the warranty period.
Limitation of Warranty.
Hewlett-Packard makes no other express warranty, whether written or oral,
with respect to this product. Any implied warranty of merchantability or
fitness is limited to the 1 year duration of this written warranty.
This warranty gives speciEc legal rights, and Customer may also have other
rights which vary from state to state, or province to province.
vi
Exclusive Remedies.
The remedies provided above are Customer's sole and exclusive remedies.
In no event shall Hewlett-Packard be liable for any direct, indirect, special,
incidental, or consequential damages (including lost profit) whether based on
warranty, contract, tort, or any other legal theory.
Warranty Service.
Warranty service may be obtained from the nearest Hewlett-Packard sales
office or other location indicated in the owner's manual or service booklet.
vii
Safety Symbols
The following safety symbols are used throughout this manual. F'amiliarize
yourself with each of the symbols and its meaning before operating this
instrument.
The caution sign denotes a hazard. It calls attention to a procedure which,
CAUTION
if not correctly performed or adhered to, could result in damage to or
destruction of the instrument. Do not proceed beyond a caution sign until
the indicated conditions are fully understood and met.
WARNING
The warning sign denotes a hazard. It calls attention to a procedure
which, if not correctly performed or adhered to, could result in injury or
loss of life. Do not proceed beyond a warning sign until the indicated
conditions are fully understood and met.
Vlll
General Safety Considerations
Before the analyzer is switched on, make sure it has been properly
WARNING
grounded through the protective conductor of the ac power cable to a
socket outlet provided with protective earth contact.
Any interruption of the protective (grounding) conductor, inside or
outside the instrument, or disconnection of the protective earth terminal
can result in personal injury.
Before the analyzer is switched on, make sure its primary power circuitry has
CAUTION
been adapted to the voltage of the ac power source.
Failure to set the ac power input to the correct voltage could cause damage to
the instrument when the ac power cable is plugged in.
ix
The HP 85721A with Supported Analyzer
The HP 85721A with supported analyzer can perform tests channel-by-
channel, or over multiple channels with multiple tests performed on each
channel. (Refer to Chapter 1 for supported analyzer information.)
With the Option 107 TV receiver, the analyzer provides video testing and
TV receiver capability. The HP 85721A with supported analyzer has three
operating modes:
1. Spectrum analyzer
2. Cable TV analyzer
3. TV receiver
1. The analyzer is a full-featured spectrum analyzer. Some key spectrum
analysis features include the following:
l Zoom window
l Analog+ display (digital implementation of an analog display)
l Peak zoom
l Title, execute remote commands, and edit DLPs with a PC keyboard
l Adjacent channel power, occupied BW, and channel power
l Multiple markers and marker table
l Peak table
l % AM, TOI, and N dB bandwidth
l AM measurements with FFT menu
l Gate driver (Option 105 or 107 required)
2. The HP 85721A with supported analyzer is a cable TV analyzer.
With the Option 107 added, the analyzer can also perform three
video measurements: differential gain, differential phase, and
chrominance-to-luminance delay inequality. In addition, the Option 107
allows the analyzer to perform previously interfering RF measurements
in a non-interfering manner. That is, carrier-to-noise ratio, composite
second order distortion, and in-channel frequency response tests can be
performed without disrupting service.
X
There are two measurement modes within the cable TV analyzer mode of
operation:
l Channel measurement mode
l System measurement mode
Channel measurement mode is used to perform channel-by-channel
measurements. That is, you can execute a single measurement on a single
channel.
System measurement mode is used to create test plans that allow you to
execute selected (or all) measurements on a selected channel or range of
channels. After setting up these test plans, system measurement mode
is used to execute a test plan immediately, or schedule the tests to be
performed at a later tune. Measurement results can be stored to a RAM
card, sent to the screen for viewing, or dumped to a printer.
3. The HP 85721A with supported analyzer is a TV receiver (Option 107
required). You can listen to the sound and see the picture simultaneously.
This allows you to quickly identify picture quality problems such as noise,
distortion, hum, and ingress.
xi
In This Guide
l Chapter 1 explains how to install the personality and access channel or
system measurement mode.
l Chapter 2 provides information about performing channel-by-channel cable
TV measurements using the channel measurement mode.
l Chapter 3 provides information about performing cable TV measurements
by creating and executing a test plan using the system measurement mode.
In addition, information about storing and recalling test plans and test data
to and from a RAM card is provided.
l Chapter 4 contains information about what to do if you have a problem.
l Chapter 5 contains menu maps and descriptions of softkey functions in the
channel measurement mode.
l Chapter 6 contains menu maps and descriptions of softkey functions in the
system measurement mode.
l Chapter 7 contains menu maps and descriptions of softkey functions in the
Setup menu.
l Chapter 8 provides descriptions of all tests.
l Chapter 9'contains specifications and characteristics of the HP 85721A
Cable TV Measurements and System Monitor Personality with supported
analyzer. In addition, channel identiEcation plans and a channel survey
map for characterizing your system are provided as test aids.
xii
Conventions
This guide uses the following conventions:
Front-Panel Key A boxed, uppercase name in this typeface
represents a key physically located on the
instrument.
So9tkey A boxed word written in this typeface
indicates a "softkey," a key whose label is
determined by the instrument's firmware.
Softkey OM OFF (ON) A boxed word written in this typeface with
the words ON and OFF can turn a function
on or off. The underlined function is shown
in parenthesis.
Softkey AUTO PlAN (AUTO) A boxed word written in this typeface with
the words AUTO and MAN can either be
auto-coupled or have its value manually
changed. The underlined function is shown
in parenthesis.
Screen Text Text printed in this typeface indicates text
displayed on the spectrum analyzer screen.
x111
Analyzer Operation
NOTE
If you are not familiar with your analyzer, refer to the analyzer's installation and operation and
programming manuals. These manuals describe analyzer preparation and verification, and tell you
what to do if something goes wrong. Also, they describe analyzer features and tell you how to
make spectrum analyzer measurements. Consult these manuals whenever you have a question about
standard analyzer use.
Firmware Requirements
Your analyzer must have firmware that was released on September 23, 1993 or later to use the HP
85721A personality To determine the firmware date for your analyzer:
l Turn on the analyzer.
l Read the firmware date that is displayed (the firmware date is displayed on the analyzer's display
when the analyzer is first turned on). The date is displayed in a day, month, year format. For
example, if rev 930923 is displayed, the release date of the firmware was September 23,
1993.
If the release date for the analyzer's firmware was prior to September 23, 1993, the firmware must
be updated to use the HP 85721A personality Contact your HP sales office for more information about
updating analyzer firmware.
xiv
Contents
1. Getting Started
What You'll Find in This Chapter . . . . . . . . . . . l-2
Supported Spectrum Analyzer Requirements . . . . . . 1-3
Setup for Cable TV Measurements . . . . . . . . . . l-4
Step 1. Load the HP 85721A personality into analyzer
memory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-5
Step 2. Perform the self-calibration routines . . . . . l-8
Step 3. Install a printer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . l-10
Step 4. Connect cables for non-interfering
measurements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-12
Step 5. Start channel or system mode of operation . . 1-14
Deleting the HP 85721A Personality from the Analyzer . l-15
2. Channel Measurements
What You'll Find in This Chapter . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2
Making Channel Measurements . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-3
Step 1. Configure the test system . . . . . . . . . . 2-4
Step 2. Connect the signal to the analyzer . . . . . . 2-9
Step 3. Make the measurements . . . . . . . . . . . 2-11
Method #l - Tune by center frequency and frequency
span . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-42
Method #2 - Tune by start and stop frequencies . . 2-43
Step 4. Access the spectrum analyzer mode . . . . . . 2-62
Step 5. Access the TV receiver mode (optional) . . . . 2-63
3. System Measurements
What You'll Find in This Chapter . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2
Making System Measurements . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-3
Step 1. Configure the test system . . . . . . . . . . 3-4
Step 2. Connect the signal to the analyzer . . . . . . 3-8
Step 3. Enter the location code . . . . . . . . . . . 3-10
Step 4. Enter the temperature . . . . . . . . . . . 3-11
Step 5. Recall a test plan . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-12
Step 6. Make the measurements now . . . . . . . . . 3-14
Step 7. Access the spectrum analyzer mode . . . . . . 3-18
Step 8. Access the TV receiver mode (optional) . . . . 3-19
Contents- 1
Making Timed System Measurements . . . . . . . . . 3-20
Creating a Test Plan 3-22
Step 1. Select an inbiiidu&l 'channkl . . . . . . . 1 1 1 . . . . . . 3-23
Step 2. Select a range of channels (optional) . . . . . 3-25
Step 3. Save the current test plan in internal memory . 3-28
Step 4. Save the current test plan to a RAM card
(optional) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-30
Editing the Current Test Plan . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-31
Clearing the Current Test Plan . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-32
Cataloging Analyzer Memory . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-33
Recalling a Test Plan from a RAM Card . . . . . . . . 3-34
Recalling Test Data from the RAM Card . . . . . . . . 3-35
Cataloging a RAM Card . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-36
Formatting a RAM Card . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-37
Deleting All the Files from a RAM Card . . . . . . . . 3-38
Deleting Individual Files from a RAM Card . . . . . . 3-39
4. If You Have a Problem
Error Messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3
ALREADYENTERED . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3
CAUTION - RecalledTest Plan Corrupted
SelectedTest PlanCleared. . . . . . . . . . . 4-4
CAUTION - STOPTIME ALREADYPASSED . . . . . . . . 4-4
CAUTION - STOPTIME LESS THAN STARTTIME. SET STOP
TIMEANDTRYAGAIN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-5
CHECK CARD IN SLOT (SAVE OFF?) . . . . . . . . . . 4-5
ILLEGAL COMMAND . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-6
INVALID SYMTAB ENTRY: SYMTAB OVERFLOW . . . . . . 4-6
INVALID FILENO ROOM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-7
MUSTBE > FIRST. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-7
NO CARD FOUND . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-8
NO TEST PLAN SELECTED . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-a
OUTOFRANGE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-9
PLEASE SELECT A CHANNEL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-9
PRINTER IS NOT CONNECTED, NOTTURNED ON, OR A
CONTROLLERCONFLICTEXISTS . . . . . . . . . . 4-10
RAM CARD REQUIRED . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-11
RAM CARD IS NOT FORMATTED, FORMAT RAM CARD AND TRY
AGAIN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-11
VIDEO SYNCNOT RECOGNIZED . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-11
Other Problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-12
Contents-2
If a test fails in SYSTEM MEAS mode . . . . . . . . . 4-12
If files are missing from a RAM card . . . . . . . . . . 4-12
If a "-" appears in the data fields . . . . . . . . . . 4-13
If the test results are not what you expected . . . . . 4-14
If the wrong date or time is displayed . . . . . . . . 4-15
How to Contact Hewlett-Packard . . . . . . . . . . . 4-16
5. Channel Measurements Menu Map and Softkey Descriptions
What You'll Find in This Chapter . . . . . . . . . . . 5-2
Channel Measurements Menu Map . . . . . . . . . . 5-3
Channel Measurements Softkey Function Descriptions . . 5-8
CHANNEL SELECT Description . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-9
DL DELTA ON OFF Description . . . . . . . . . . . 5-12
DO FRQ RESP TST Description . . . . . . . . . . . 5-14
GATE ON OFF Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-17
LISTEN ON OFF Description . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-19
RECALL FRM INT Description . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-20
SAVE TRB TO INT Description . . . . . . . . . . . 5-21
TAKE REF TRACE Description . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-23
VIEW CO-CHNL Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-27
6. System Measurements Menu Map and Softkey Descriptions
What You'll Find in This Chapter . . . . . . . . . . . 6-2
System Measurements Menu Map . . . . . . . . . . . 6-3
System Measurements Softkey Function Descriptions . . . 6-6
ABORT Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-6
ALL TESTS Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-6
CATALOG CARD Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-7
CLEAR TESTS Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-9
CLEAR TST PLAN Description . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-9
Create TstPlan Description . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-10
DATA TO PRINTER Description . . . . . . . . . . . 6-10
DONE Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-13
DUMP TO PRINTER Description . . . . . . . . . . . 6-13
Contents-3
DUMP TO RAM CARD Description . . . . . . . . . . . 6-16
DUMP TO SCREEN Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-17
ENTER BY CHANNEL Description . . . . . . . . . . . 6-18
ENTER BY RANGE Description . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-18
ENTER LOCATION Description . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-19
ENTER TEMP Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-20
GOT0 PAGE Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-21
Main Menu Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-21
Measure Now Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-22
NEXT PAGE Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-22
NO Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-23
PLAN 1 Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-23
PLAN 2 Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-24
PLAN 3 Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-25
PLAN 4 Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-25
PLAN 5 Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-25
Prev Menu Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-26
PREV PAGE Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-26
PRINT REPORT Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-26
Recall Data Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-27
RECALL FRM CRD Description . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-27
RECALL FRM INT Description . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-28
Recall TstPlan Description . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-29
SAVE TO INT MEM Description . . . . . . . . . . . 6-29
SAVE TO MEM CRD Description . . . . . . . . . . . 6-30
Save TstPlan Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-30
START TIME Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-31
STOP TIME Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-31
SYSTEM MEAS Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-32
Timed Measure Description . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-33
Contents-4
TIME INTERVAL Description . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-34
TODAY' S DATE Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-35
TODAY' S TIMEDATE Description . . . . . . . . . . . 6-35
VIEW CH SEL Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-36
VIEW LAST Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-36
YES Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-37
7. TV Receiver, Setup, and AUX CTRL Menu Maps and Softkey
Descriptions
What You'll Find in This Chapter . . . . . ...... 7-2
TV RECEIVER Menu Map . . . . . . . ...... 7-3
Setup Menu Map . . . . . . . . . . . . ...... 7-4
AUX CTRL Menu Map . . . . . . . . . ...... 7-5
Softkey Descriptions . . . . . . . . . . . ...... 7-6
AIR Description . . . . . . . . . . . 7-6
Analyzer Input Description . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-7
CHANNEL SELECT Description . . . . . . 7-8
Channel Tuning Description . . . . . . 7-8
CSO FREQ OFFSET and CM? FREQ OFFSET
Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-9
EXT AMP GAIN Description . . . . . . . 7-10
EXT AMP NZ FIG Description . . . . . . 7-10
EXT AMP YES NO Description . . . . . . 7-11
EXT PAD YES NO Description . . . . . . 7-11
HRC Description . . . . . . . . . . . 7-12
IRC Description . . . . . . . . . . . 7-13
Monitor TV Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-13
PICTURE ON OFF Description . . . . . . 7-14
PIX &SND ON OFF Description . . . . . . . . . . . 7-14
Setup Description . . . . . . . . . . 7-15
SOUND ON OFF Description . . . . . . . 7-16
STD Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-16
SYS BTS TST CHNL Description . . . . . 7-17
Contents-5
System Beats Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7- 18
T Description. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-19
TOTL PWR 0 INPUT Description . . . . . . . . . . . 7-20
TV RECEIVER Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-20
USR CH 0 CMTR FRq Description . . . . . . . . . . . 7-21
USR CH 0 SPAM Description . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-21
8. Test Descriptions
What You'll Find in This Chapter . . . . . . . . . . . 8-2
Visual Carrier Level and Visual-to-Aural Level Difference
Test Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-3
Visual Carrier Frequency and Visual-to-Aural Frequency
Difference Test Description . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-5
Carrier-to-Noise Ratio Test Description . . . . . . . . 8-7
Composite Second Order (CSO) Test Description . . . . 8-16
Composite Triple Beat (CTB) Test Description . . . . . 8-18
Hum Test Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-24
Depth of Modulation Test Description . . . . . . . . . 8-28
Digital Channel Power Measurement Description . . . . 8-30
Color Test Descriptions (Chroma/Luma Delay Inequality,
Differential Gain, Differential Phase) . . . . . . . . 8-33
In-Channel Frequency Response Test Description . . . . 8-40
FM Deviation Test Description . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-43
Cross Modulation Test Description . . . . . . . . . . 8-44
System Frequency Response Test Description . . . . . . 8-45
View Ingress Test Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-46
View Co-Channel Test Description . . . . . . . . . . . 8-47
9. Specifications and Test Aids
What You'll Find in This Chapter . . . . . . . . . . . 9-2
Cable TV Measurement Specifications and Characteristics 9-3
C/N, CSO, and CTB Measurements . . . . . . . . . 9-6
System Frequency Response (flatness) . . . . . . . . 9-8
Video Measurements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-9
Channel Identification Plans . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-10
Channel Survey Map . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-23
Contents-6
Glossary
Index
Contents-7
Figures
2-1. Channel Tuning Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-5
2-2. Analyzer Input ConEguration Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-6
2-3. Tests ConEguration Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-8
2-4. Connecting the Cable to the Input Connector . . . . . . . . 2-10
2-5. Connections for HP 8591C analyzer with Option 107 . . . . 2-10
2-6. Carrier Level Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-13
2-7. Carrier Frequency Measurement (100 Hz Resolution) . . . . 2-13
2-8. 10 Hz Resolution 2-14
2-9. Carrier-to-Noise-Modulation and dating bff . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-15
2-10. See MORE INFO Screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-16
2-11. Example of a Quiet Line . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-17
2-12. Carrier-to-Noise-Modulation and Gating On . . . . . . . . 2-18
2- 13. Carrier-to-Noise, More Information . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-19
2-14. FCC Composite Test Signal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-22
2-15. NTC 7 Composite Test Signal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-23
2-16. Chrominance to Luminance, More Information . . . . . . . 2-24
2- 17. CSO Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-29
2- 18. CTB Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-29
2- 19. Cross Modulation Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-30
2-20. Depth of Video Modulation Measurement . . . . . . . . . . 2-32
2-21. TV Line Number . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-33
2-22. Depth of Video Modulation, More Information 2-34
2-23. FCC Composite Test Signal . . . . . . . . . : : : : : : 2-37
2-24. NTC 7 Composite Test Signal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . : 2-38
2-25. Differential Gain/Differential Phase Measurement . . . . . . 2-40
2-26. Differential Gain/Differential Phase, More Information . . . . 2-41
2-27. Tuned Digital Channel Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-42
2-28. Results of Digital Channel Power Test . . . . . . . . . . . 2-44
2-29. FM Deviation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-47
2-30. Hum Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-49
2-31. Hum, More Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-49
2-32. Ghost Cancellation Reference (GCR) . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-53
2-33. FCC Multi-Burst Test Signal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-54
2-34. NTC-7 Combination Multi-Burst Test Signal . . . . . . . . . 2-54
2-35. Sine X/X Test Signal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-55
2-36. Results with GCR or Line Sweep Test Signal . . . . . . . . 2-55
2-37. Results with FCC Multi-Burst Test Signal . . . . . . . . . . 2-56
Contents-8
Contents
2-38 More Information (Multi-Burst) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-56
2-39 System Frequency Response Measurement . . . . . . . . . 2-58
2-40 View Ingress . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-60
2-41 View Co-Channel Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-61
3-l Channel Tuning Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-5
3-2 Analyzer Input ConEguration Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-6
3-3 Connecting the Cable to the Input Connector . . . . . . . . 3-9
3-4 Connections for HP 8591C analyzer with Option 107 (RF
Measurements) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-9
3-5 Enter Location Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-10
3-6 Enter Temperature Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-11
3-7 Recall from Internal Analyzer Memory . . . . . . . . . . . 3-13
3-8 Dump Options Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-15
3-9 Tests Results Screen-Page 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-16
3-10. Tests Results Screen-Page 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-16
3-11. Tests Results Screen-Page 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-17
3-12. Timed System Measurements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-21
3-13. Enter by Channel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-24
3-14. Enter by Range-First Channel'Number . . . . . . . . . . 3-27
3-15. Enter by Range-Last Channel Number . . . . . . . . . . 3-27
3-16. View Current Test Plan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-32
3-17. Catalog Analyzer Internal Memory 3-33
3-18. ARAMCard . . . . . . . . . . : . . . . . . . . . . . 3-37
5-l. Channel Measurements Main Menu 1 of 3' . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-4
5-2. Channel Measurements Main Menu 2 of 3 . . . . . . . . . 5-5
5-3. Channel Measurements Main Menu 3 of 3 . . . . . . . . . 5-6
5-4. @iFiF-- enu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
M 5-7
5-5. Select Channel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-9
5-6. Channel Selected . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5- 10
5-7. Display Line Delta . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-13
5-8. System Frequency Response . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-15
5-9. Trace B, Recalled . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-20
5-10. Trace B, Saved . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-21
5-11. Fast and Slow Sweep . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-23
5-12. Conditioned Reference Spectrum . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-25
5-13. Trace B Saved to Internal Memory . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-26
5-14. View Co-Channel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-27
6-l. System Measurements Menu 1 of 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-4
6-2. System Measurements Menu 2 of 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-5
6-3. An Example of Cataloging a RAM Card . . . . . . . . . . 6-7
6-4. An Example Printout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-11
Contents-9
Contents
6-5. An Example Printout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-14
7-l. TV RECEIVER Menu Map . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-3
7-2. Setup ConEguration Menu Map . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-4
7-3. [AUXCTRL_) .Menu Map . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . 7-5
8-l. Measuring the Visual Level and Aural Carrier Difference . . . 8-3
8-2. Measuring the Visual Frequency and Aural Frequency
Difference . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-5
8-3. Carrier-to-Noise Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-9
8-4. MORE IMFO Screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-9
8-5. Determining the Level of the Beat Product and Noise Level . 8-17
8-6. HUM, Video Modulation On . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-26
8-7. HUM, Video Modulation OFF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-26
8-8. HUM, More Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-27
8-9. Measuring the Depth of Modulation . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-29
8-10. Tuned Digital Channel Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-30
8-11. Results of Digital Channel Power Test . . . . . . . . . . . 8-32
8-12. FCC Composite Test Signal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-34
8-13. NTC 7 Composite Test Signal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-34
8- 14. Chrominance-to-Luminance Delay . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-35
8- 15. Differential Gain/Differential Phase . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-39
8- 16. In-Channel Frequency Response . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-40
8-17. Multi-Burst Response . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-41
8- 18. Cross Modulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-44
8-19. View Ingress . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-46
8-20. View Co-Channel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-47
Contents- 10
lhbles
l- 1. Spectrum Analyzer Requirements for Running the HP 8572 1A
Personality . . . l-3
2- 1. Channel Measurements . . . . . 2-2
4-l. Ranges for the Cable TV System Monitor Functions . . 4-9
6-l. Cataloging a Memory Card . . . . . . 6-8
6-2. Information Contained in a Printout . . . . . 6-12
6-3. Information Contained in a Printout . . 6-15
8-l. Auto Resolution Bandwidth (RBW) and Video Bandwidth
(VBW) selection . . . . . . . . . . . 8-31
8-2. Comparison of CLDI Measurement Values . . . 8-36
9-l. FCC Numerical Designation of Television Channels (Section
73.603) . . . . . 9-10
9-2. Channel IdentiEcation Plan
EIA Interim Standard No. 6 (CP) and FCC Part 76.612 . 9-13
9-3. FM Broadcast Channels . . . 9-19
9-4. T-Channels . . . . . . . . 9-22
Contents- 11
Contents
1
- Getting Started
Getting Started
What You'll This chapter provides step-by-step procedures for setting up an analyzer
Find in This to perform cable TV measurements using the HP 85721A Cable TV
Measurements and System Monitor Personality. This chapter contains the
Chapter following sections:
l supported spectrum analyzer requirements
l setup for cable TV measurements
l deleting the HP 85721A personality from the analyzer
l-2
Supported Spectrum Analyzer Requirements
The HP 85721A personality is designed to operate with the HP 8591C cable
TV arialyzer. However, certain spectrum analyzers can be used in place of
the HP 8591C cable TV analyzer. The hardware and Ermware compatibility
requirements for using spectrum analyzers are shown in the following table.
Table l-l. Spectrum Analyzer Requirements for Running the HP 85721A Personality
l HP 9591C analyzer and HP 9590 E-Series spectrum analyzers are supported with firmware dated 930923 or later
0 Option 004 Precision Frequency Reference
l Option 043 R-232 (or Option 021 HP-191 Interface required for printer output and programming
l Option 301 TV Sync TriggerlFAOC (or Options 101 and 1021
l Option 107 TV receiver required for video and gated measurements
NOTE
Options 004, 043, and 301 are standard with the HP 8591C analyzer. Also, the HP 85721A personality
is pre-loaded into the HP 85911: analyzer.
l-3
Setup for Cable TV Measurements
This section explains the steps that are necessary to prepare the analyzer for
making a measurement and printing out the results.
The steps are as follows:
l Load the HP 85721A personality into analyzer memory (if necessary).
l Perform the self-calibration routines.
0 Install a printer.
l Connect cable for non-interfering measurements.
l Start channel or system mode of operation.
NOTE
The HP 85721A personality is pre-loaded into the HP 8591C analyzer.
l-4
Getting Started
Setup for Cable TV Measurements
Step 1. Load the HP 8572 1A personality into analyzer
memory
I Plug the analyzer into an ac power supply.
! Press Cm). If CABLE TV ANALYZER and TV RECEIVER are displayed, skip to "Step 2. Perform the
self-calibration routines.'
I locate the arrow printed on the card label.
l-5
Getting Started
Setup for Cable TV Measurements
' Press the following softkeys to load the HP 85721A personality: Catalog Card , two files are displayed, dLOADME and
dCODE. Using the step keys, make sure the file dLOADME is highlighted, the press LOAD FILE. When loading is
complete, press Cm), CODE LOADER. Follow the on-screen instructions to complete the loading process.
If upgrading, first erase the DLP memory. See the section "Deleting the Personality" located in this chapter.
@
REF 48.8 dBmV AT 10 dB LOAD
HP859X 512 FILE
15 17:52:18 JBN 31, 1 9 9 5
435 07:19:35 FEE 08, 1995
DELETE
FILE
SELECT
PREFIX
SA St
S C F[ E x i t
CORI; CatalPg
Previous
Menu
CENTEK YWW IVHZ btlZ
RES BW 3.0 MHz UBW 1 M H z S W P 3 6 . 0 msec T
l-7
Getting Started
Setup for Cable TV Measurements
Step 2. Perform the self-calibration routines
Allow the analyzer to warm up for 30 minutes before performing the following steps.
For the analyzer to meat its specifications and characteristics, the self-calibration routines should be performed periodically or
whenever the ambient temperature changes. Sea the operating manual for the analyzer to determine how often the self-calibration
routines should be oarformed.
Attach the calibration cable from the CAL OUT connector to the INPUT connector with the appropriate adapters
PY29A
l-8
Getting Started
Setup for Cable TV Measurements
! Press ICAL], press CAL FREQ $ AMPTD or, if the analyzer's amplitude calibration routine has bean performed recently,
press CAL FREQ instead of CAL FREQ & AMPTD The analyzer's frequency and amplitude self-calibration routine take
about 1.5 or 9 minutes to complete, respectively. If an error massage is displayed, refer to the Installation and Verification Manual
for the analyzer.
PY2lOA
I Press CAL STORE.
PY21 1A
l-9
Getting Started
Setup for Cable TV Measurements
Step 3. Install a printer
Steps 1 and 2 of this procedure apply to an analyzer with an HP-IS interface [Option OZl] only. Skip to steps 3 and 4 if your
analyzer has an K-232 interface (Option 043).
Connect the analyzer to the printer, using an HP-IS cable. Turn the printer on.
~~213
Press (-1, PRINT CONFIG , PRINTER ADDRESS Enter address that your printer is sat to [usually at
II using the data keys, than press Cm). [Sea the printer's
documentation for more information about the selection of the printer's address.] Than skip the following two steps and continua
with the next step.
CONFIG
l-10
Getting Started
Setup for Cable TV Measurements
Steps 3 and 4 apply to an analyzer with an R-232 interface only. Refer to the HP 8590 E-Series Spectrum AnaQzer Programmer's
Guide, "Appendix C,' for more information about using the K-232 interface.
3 Connect the analyzer to the printer, using an HP 13242G. RS-232 cable. Turn the printer on.
PLOTTERS ARE NOT SUPPORTED BY THE HP 85721A PERSONALITY.
I 4 Press CONFIG , MORE 1
0 of 3 , BAUD RATE, enter a baud rata with the data keys, than press [ENTER) to set
the baud rate of the analyzer. [The baud rate of the analyzer must match the baud rate of the printerA
NOTE
If you are using an HP 22250 ITS-232 Thinkjet printer, refer to "Printing and Plotting" chapter of the
User's Guide, for your spectrum analyzer, for information about Thinkjet switch settings.
l-11
Getting Started
Setup for Cable TV Measurements
Step 4. Connect cables for non-interfering
measurements
Perform this procedure if you have Option 107 installed in your analyzer. [Option 107 is required for video and non-interfering
measurements, and TV receiver mode of operation.) Otherwise, proceed to the next step.
I Attach one right-angle BNC adapter to the TV TRIG OUTPUT ITTLJ connector, and another right-angle BNC adapter to the GATE
TRIGGER INPUT ITTLI.
! Connect a short BNC cable between the two adapters.
l-12
Getting Started
Setup for Cable TV Measurements
NOTE
l The above procedure is not required when the HP 8591C `analyzer is purchased with Option 107
because the cable is pre-installed.
l When performing non-interfering measurements, the external coupler must also be connected. See
Chapter 2, "Step 2. Connect the signal to the analyzer."
1-13
Getting Started
Setup for Cable TV Measurements
Step 5. Start channel or system mode of operation
Press [ml, CABLE TV ANALYZER to access the cable TV analyzer mode. Press CHANNEL HEAS to select
measurements on a particular channel. Press SYSTEM MEAS to select measurements on groups of channels.
Note that when the'analyzer is in channel mode, CHNL is displayed in the upper right corner of the analyzer display; SYSTEM
is displayed in the upper right corner of the analyzer display when in system mode.
The softkeys accessed by pressing Setup allow you to customize the HP 857214, personality to your equipment and system.
Chapters 2 and 3 contain information on how to use the Setup softkeys.
MODE
KEY
CABLE TV
ANALYZER
P 17 5 0
1-14
Deleting the HP 85721A Personality from the
Analyzer
The steps outlined below remove the HP 85721A personality tests and
functions added to the analyzer by the ROM measurements card:
1. Press (PRESETI). Wait for the preset routine to finish.
2. Press [CONFIG) More 1 of 3 .
3. Press Dispose User Mem, ERASE DLP MEM , ERASE DLP MEM
4. Press @ZFi].
1-15
Getting Started
2
Channel Measurements
Channel Measurements
What You'll This chapter describes how to make cable TV measurements using the
Find in This channel measurements mode of operation (CHANNEL MEAS ). This chapter
contains information on making channel measurements.
Chapter
The tests are listed below along with the softkey that activates them.
Table 2-1. Channel Measurements
To activate Press
Carrier Level and Frequency CARRIER LVt&FRQ
Carrier to Noise CARRIER/NOISE
Chromalluma Delay Inequality" CLDI
Composite Second Order/Composite Triple Beat" CSO/CTB
Cross Modulation CROSSNOD
Depth of Video Modulation DEPTH MOD
Differential Gain/Differential Phase* DIF GAIN DIF PHAZ
Digital Channel Power DIGITAL CH POWER
FM Deviation FM DEV
Hum HUM
In-Channel Frequency Response" IN-CHNL FRQ RSP
System Frequency Response SYSTEM FRQ RESP
View Ingress VIEW INGRESS
l Option 107 required for non-interfering and video measurements.
2-2
Making Channel Measurements
This section explains the steps that are necessary to make channel
measurements. The steps are as follows:
1. Configure the test system.
2. Connect the signal to the analyzer.
3. Make the measurements.
4. Access the spectrum analyzer mode.
5. Access the TV receiver mode (optional).
2-3
Channel Measurements
Making Channel Measurements
Step 1. Configure the test system
The Setup menu is used to set up channel tuning, a user defined channel,
an external preamplifier, and an external matching pad (50 !? analyzers only).
In addition, gated (non-interfering) measurements can be configured (Option
107 required).
The information is stored in non-volatile analyzer memory. This means that
the analyzer retains the information, even when power is turned off, until
you access the Setup menu again and change it.
1. If the Setup softkey is displayed, press it now. Otherwise, press LMODE)
CABLE TV ANALYZER Setup.
2. Press Channel Tuning, then press STD AIR HRC IRC T until the
desired format is underlined.
The tune configuration menu allows you to select channel format:
l STD-Standard Cable
l AIR-Broadcast Channel
l HRC-HRC Cable
l IRC-IRC Cable
l T-Upstream Channels
USR CH 0 CNTR FRq channel 0 center frequency
USR CH 0 SPAN channel 0 span
These keys allow you to define the center
frequency and span for a user defined channel.
This channel is then accessed by selecting
channel "0" (zero).
3. Press Prev Menu to return to the Setup menu.
2-4
Channel Measurements
Making Channel Measurements
16:31:83 OEC 86, 1993
m
k;F 37.5 dBmU AT 10 dB ST0 A I R
PEAK 1 ,fRF HRCT
I I nenu
CENTER 57.888 MHz SPAN 6.888 NHz
RES BW 38 kHz UBY 38 ktlz SWP 28.0 RI.C RT
Figure 2-l. Channel Tuning Menu
4. Fb spcx3rum analgzrs with a 50 62 input: Use an external 50 62 to
75 Q matching pad/de block to compensate for the impedance mismatch
between a 75 fl impedance system and the spectrum analyzer's 50 61 input
impedance. If you use an HP 11981A external pad, the external pad
causes approximately 5.8 dB of amplitude loss. The external pad function
(EXT PAD YES MO ) can be used to compensate for this amplitude loss.
l Connect the matching pad to the spectrum analyzer input.
l Press Analyzer Input EXT PAD YES NO to underline YES.
l Press Prev Menu to return to the Setup menu.
If you are using a spectrum analyzer with 50 fl input impedance but are
not using an external matching pad/de block, the analyzer will compensate
for most of the impedance mismatch, but amplitude measurements can
have up to 3~0.2 dB additional error caused by the uncompensated
mismatch over the frequency range.
dc voltages in excess of 25 V and ac power-line voltages in excess of
CAUTION
100 Vpeak can permanently damage the analyzer input.
5. Fbr using an edema1 ampli$er (preamp): An external amplifier may be
required for the carrier-to-noise test. See Chapter 8 for more information
about when a preamplifier is required for the carrier-to-noise test. The
2-5
Channel Measurements
Making Channel Measurements
carrier-to-noise test calculates the noise contribution of the external
amplifier and reports that correction on the MORE INFO screen of the
carrier-to-noise test.
l Connect the output of the external ampliEer to the analyzer input (or
input of coupler).
l Connect the cable TV signal to the input of the external ampliEer.
l Press Analyzer Input EXT AMP YES NO to underline YES.
l Press EXT AMP GAIN then enter the gain value of the external
ampliEer. The default value is 20 dB for the HP 85905A preamplifier.
l Press EXT AMP NZ FIG then enter the noise Egure value of the
external ampliEer. The default value is 7 dB for the HP 85905A
preampliEer.
l Press Prev Menu to return to the Setup menu.
The TOTL PWR (B INPUT function measures the total RF power into the
analyzer. Use this function to externally adjust the total power into the
analyzer or preampliEer for optimization of measurement dynamic range.
16:32:15 OEC 86, 1993
enm
EF 37.5 dBmV AT 10 dB
PEAK 1 :
EXT AtlP
YES NO
EXT RNP
GAIN
EXT AMP
NZ FIG
OTL PWR
@ INPUT
PrQtl
Menu
CENTER 57.868 tlHi! SPAN 6.888 MHz
RES BW 38 ktlz UBW 38 kHz SWP 20.0 msec RT
Figure 2-2. Analyzer Input Configuration Menu
6. RW analyzers with Option IO?: Press GATING YES NO to enable
immediate gated (YES) or non-gated (NO) measurements. This function
applies to the carrier-to-noise and CSO measurements only.
2-6
Channel Measurements
Making Channel Measurements
If GATING YES NO is set to YES, upon executing the carrier-to-noise or
CSO measurements, the analyzer automatically searches for a quiet line (a
line with no video modulation) starting at the default line.
NOTE
The default quiet line number for carrier-to-noise and CSO is 12, and both fields. The default line
number for the in-channel frequency response test is 19, and both fields. For differential gain,
differential phase, and chromalluma delay inequality, the default test signal line number is 18, and the
field is odd.
If the analyzer Ends a quiet line, and if PAUSE YES NO is set to NO, the
analyzer will automatically execute the measurement without requiring
the channel's video modulation to be turned off (non-interfering). If
PAUSE YES NO is set to YES, the analyzer will pause upon Ending a quiet
line. At this point, if a quiet line is displayed, press CONTINUE to execute
the measurement. If a quiet line was not found, you must search for it
using the m (step up) and (iJJ (step down) keys.
If GATING YES NO is set to NO, upon executing the carrier-to-noise
or CSO measurements, you will be prompted to turn off modulation to
execute the measurement in an interfering manner.
7. Fbr analyzers with Option 107: Press PAUSE YES NO to select between
pausing (YES) before executing a gated (non-interfering) or video
measurement, or, upon Ending a quiet line or test signal, execute the
measurement immediately (NO).
This function applies to carrier-to-noise and CSO when performing
these measurements in a gated (non-interferi