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Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824
NETGEAR, Inc. 4500 Great America Parkway Santa Clara, CA 95054 USA
202-10122-01 November 2005
© 2005 by NETGEAR, Inc. All rights reserved. November 2005.
Trademarks
NETGEAR is a trademark of Netgear, Inc. Microsoft, Windows, and Windows NT are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation. Other brand and product names are registered trademarks or trademarks of their respective holders.
Statement of Conditions
In the interest of improving internal design, operational function, and/or reliability, NETGEAR reserves the right to make changes to the products described in this document without notice. NETGEAR does not assume any liability that may occur due to the use or application of the product(s) or circuit layout(s) described herein.
Maximum Wireless Signal Rate Derived from IEEE Standard 802.11 Specifications
Actual data throughput will vary. Network conditions and environmental factors, including volume of network traffic, building materials and construction, and network overhead, lower actual data throughput rate.
Federal Communications Commission (FCC) Compliance Notice: Radio Frequency Notice
This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device, pursuant to part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential installation. This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. However, there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation. If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or television reception, which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on, the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures: · · · · Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna. Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver. Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is connected. Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for help.
EN 55 022 Declaration of Conformance
This is to certify that the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 is shielded against the generation of radio interference in accordance with the application of Council Directive 89/336/EEC, Article 4a. Conformity is declared by the application of EN 55 022 Class B (CISPR 22).
Bestätigung des Herstellers/Importeurs
Es wird hiermit bestätigt, daß das RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 gemäß der im BMPT-AmtsblVfg 243/1991 und Vfg 46/1992 aufgeführten Bestimmungen entstört ist. Das vorschriftsmäßige Betreiben einiger Geräte (z.B. Testsender) kann jedoch gewissen Beschränkungen unterliegen. Lesen Sie dazu bitte die Anmerkungen in der Betriebsanleitung. Das Bundesamt für Zulassungen in der Telekommunikation wurde davon unterrichtet, daß dieses Gerät auf den Markt gebracht wurde und es ist berechtigt, die Serie auf die Erfüllung der Vorschriften hin zu überprüfen.
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Certificate of the Manufacturer/Importer
It is hereby certified that the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 has been suppressed in accordance with the conditions set out in the BMPT-AmtsblVfg 243/1991 and Vfg 46/1992. The operation of some equipment (for example, test transmitters) in accordance with the regulations may, however, be subject to certain restrictions. Please refer to the notes in the operating instructions. Federal Office for Telecommunications Approvals has been notified of the placing of this equipment on the market and has been granted the right to test the series for compliance with the regulations.
Voluntary Control Council for Interference (VCCI) Statement
This equipment is in the second category (information equipment to be used in a residential area or an adjacent area thereto) and conforms to the standards set by the Voluntary Control Council for Interference by Data Processing Equipment and Electronic Office Machines aimed at preventing radio interference in such residential areas. When used near a radio or TV receiver, it may become the cause of radio interference. Read instructions for correct handling.
Customer Support
Refer to the Support Information Card that shipped with your RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824.
World Wide Web
NETGEAR maintains a World Wide Web home page that you can access at the universal resource locator (URL) http://www.netgear.com. A direct connection to the Internet and a Web browser such as Internet Explorer or Netscape are required.
Product and Publication Details
Model Number: Publication Date: Product Family: Product Name: Home or Business Product: Language: Publication Part Number: WPN824 November 2005 Wireless Router RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 Home English 202-10122-01
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Contents
Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824
Chapter 1 About This Manual Audience, Scope, Conventions, and Formats ................................................................1-1 How to Use This Manual ................................................................................................1-2 How to Print this Manual .................................................................................................1-2 Chapter 2 Introduction Key Features ..................................................................................................................2-1 RangeMaxTM Multi-In, Multi-Out (MIMO) Technology ..............................................2-2 802.11g Wireless Networking ...................................................................................2-2 A Powerful, True Firewall with Content Filtering ......................................................2-3 Security ....................................................................................................................2-3 Autosensing Ethernet Connections with Auto Uplink ...............................................2-4 Extensive Protocol Support ......................................................................................2-4 Easy Installation and Management ..........................................................................2-5 Maintenance and Support ........................................................................................2-5 NETGEAR Related Products ..........................................................................................2-5 Package Contents ..........................................................................................................2-6 The Router's Front Panel .........................................................................................2-7 The Router's Rear Panel .........................................................................................2-8 A Road Map for `How to Get There From Here' .............................................................2-9 Chapter 3 Connecting the Router to the Internet Prepare to Install Your Wireless Router ..........................................................................3-1 First, Use the Smart Wizard to Configure the Wireless Router ......................................3-2 Now, Set Up a Computer for Wireless Connectivity .......................................................3-3 Troubleshooting Tips ......................................................................................................3-4
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Overview of How to Access the Wireless Router ...........................................................3-5 How to Bypass the Configuration Assistant .............................................................3-8 How to Manually Configure Your Internet Connection ....................................................3-9 Using the Smart Setup Wizard .....................................................................................3-12 NETGEAR Product Registration, Support, and Documentation ...................................3-13 Chapter 4 Wireless Configuration Observe Performance, Placement, and Range Guidelines ............................................4-1 Implement Appropriate Wireless Security ......................................................................4-2 Understanding Wireless Settings ...................................................................................4-4 Information to Gather Before Changing Basic Wireless Settings .............................4-8 Default Factory Settings ...........................................................................................4-9 How to Set Up and Test Basic Wireless Connectivity ..............................................4-9 How to Configure WEP .......................................................................................... 4-11 How to Configure WPA-PSK or WPA2-PSK Wireless Security ....................................4-13 How to Restrict Wireless Access by MAC Address ......................................................4-14 Chapter 5 Content Filtering Content Filtering Overview .............................................................................................5-1 Blocking Access to Internet Sites ...................................................................................5-2 Blocking Access to Internet Services .............................................................................5-3 Configuring a User Defined Service .........................................................................5-4 Configuring Services Blocking by IP Address Range ..............................................5-5 Scheduling When Blocking Will Be Enforced .................................................................5-5 Trend Micro Home Network Security ..............................................................................5-6 Security Service Settings .........................................................................................5-7 Parental Controls Settings .......................................................................................5-9 Viewing Logs of Web Access or Attempted Web Access .............................................5-13 Configuring E-Mail Alert and Web Access Log Notifications ........................................5-14 Chapter 6 Maintenance Viewing Wireless Router Status Information ...................................................................6-1 Viewing a List of Attached Devices .................................................................................6-5 Configuration File Management .....................................................................................6-6 Restoring and Backing Up the Configuration ...........................................................6-6 vi v1.0, November 2005
Erasing the Configuration .........................................................................................6-7 Upgrading the Router Software ......................................................................................6-7 Changing the Administrator Password ...........................................................................6-9 Chapter 7 Troubleshooting Basic Functioning ...........................................................................................................7-1 Power Light Not On ..................................................................................................7-1 Lights Never Turn Off ...............................................................................................7-2 LAN or WAN Port Lights Not On ..............................................................................7-2 Troubleshooting the Web Configuration Interface ..........................................................7-3 Troubleshooting the ISP Connection ..............................................................................7-4 Troubleshooting a TCP/IP Network Using a Ping Utility .................................................7-5 Testing the LAN Path to Your Router .......................................................................7-5 Testing the Path from Your Computer to a Remote Device .....................................7-6 Restoring the Default Configuration and Password ........................................................7-7 Problems with Date and Time .........................................................................................7-8 Chapter 8 Advanced Configuration of the Router Configuring Advanced Wireless Settings .......................................................................8-1 Wireless Card Access List .......................................................................................8-3 Wireless Card Access Setup ....................................................................................8-4 Configuring Port Triggering and Port Forwarding ...........................................................8-5 Configuring Port Forwarding to Local Servers ................................................................8-8 Adding a Custom Service .........................................................................................8-9 Editing or Deleting a Port Forwarding Entry ...........................................................8-10 Local Web and FTP Server Example .....................................................................8-10 Multiple Computers for Half Life, KALI or Quake III Example ................................8-10 Configuring the WAN Setup Options ............................................................................ 8-11 Connect Automatically, as Required ...................................................................... 8-11 Disabling the SPI Firewall ......................................................................................8-12 Setting Up a Default DMZ Server ...........................................................................8-12 Responding to Ping on Internet WAN Port .............................................................8-12 Setting the MTU Size .............................................................................................8-13 Using the LAN IP Setup Options ..................................................................................8-13 Configuring LAN TCP/IP Setup Parameters ..........................................................8-14 vii v1.0, November 2005
Using the Router as a DHCP server ......................................................................8-15 Using Address Reservation ....................................................................................8-15 Using a Dynamic DNS Service .....................................................................................8-16 Configuring Static Routes .............................................................................................8-18 Enabling Remote Management Access .......................................................................8-20 Using Universal Plug and Play (UPnP) ........................................................................8-22 Appendix A Technical Specifications Appendix B Related Documents
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Chapter 1 About This Manual
This chapter describes the intended audience, scope, conventions, and formats of this manual.
Audience, Scope, Conventions, and Formats
This reference manual assumes that the reader has basic to intermediate computer and Internet skills. However, Appendix B, "Related Documents" contains links to articles and tutorials on the NETGEAR Web site about basic computer network, Internet, firewall, and VPN technologies. This guide uses the following typographical conventions:
Table 1-1. Typographical Conventions
italics bold fixed Emphasis, books, CDs, URL names User input Screen text, file and server names, extensions, commands, IP addresses
This guide uses the following formats to highlight special messages:
Note: This format is used to highlight information of importance or special interest.
Tip: This format is used to highlight a procedure that will save time or resources.
Warning: Ignoring this type of note may result in a malfunction or damage to the equipment.
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Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824
This manual is written for the WPN824 router according to these specifications:
Table 1-2. Manual Scope
Product Version Manual Publication Date RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 November 2005
Note: Product updates are available on the NETGEAR, Inc. Web site at http://kbserver.netgear.com/products/WPN824.asp
How to Use This Manual
The HTML version of this manual includes the following: · · Buttons, at a time. and , for browsing forwards or backwards through the manual one page
A button that displays the table of contents and an index button, . Double-click on a link in the table of contents or index to navigate directly to where the topic is described in the manual. A model. button to access the full NETGEAR, Inc. online knowledge base for the product
· ·
Links to PDF versions of the full manual and individual chapters.
How to Print this Manual
To print this manual you can choose one of the following several options, according to your needs: · Printing a Page in the HTML View. Each page in the HTML version of the manual is dedicated to a major topic. Use the Print button on the browser toolbar to print the page contents. · Printing a Chapter. Use the PDF of This Chapter link at the top left of any page.
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About This Manual
Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824
Click the PDF of This Chapter link at the top right of any page in the chapter you want to print. The PDF version of the chapter you were viewing opens in a browser window. Note: Your computer must have the free Adobe Acrobat reader installed in order to view and print PDF files. The Acrobat reader is available on the Adobe Web site at http://www.adobe.com.
Click the print icon in the upper left of the window. Tip: If your printer supports printing two pages on a single sheet of paper, you can select this feature to save paper and printer ink.
·
Printing the Full Manual. Use the Complete PDF Manual link at the top left of any page. Click the Complete PDF Manual link at the top left of any page in the manual. The PDF version of the complete manual opens in a browser window. Click the print icon in the upper left of the window. Tip: If your printer supports printing two pages on a single sheet of paper, you can select this feature to save paper and printer ink.
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About This Manual
Chapter 2 Introduction
Congratulations on your purchase of the NETGEAR® RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824. The WPN824 router provides connection for multiple computers to the Internet through an external broadband access device (such as a cable modem or DSL modem) that is normally intended for use by a single computer. This chapter describes the features of the NETGEAR RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824.
Key Features
Note: This manual provides information on the complete features as of the date of publication. Earlier versions of this product may not have all the features presented in this manual. Go to http://kbserver.netgear.com/products/WPN824.asp where you can find product firmware updates for your WPN824. The RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 with 4-port switch connects your local area network (LAN) to the Internet through an external access device such as a cable modem or DSL modem. The WPN824 router provides you with multiple Web content filtering options, plus browser activity reporting and instant alerts via e-mail. Parents and network administrators can establish restricted access policies based on time-of-day, Web site addresses and address keywords, and share high-speed cable/DSL Internet access for up to 253 computers. In addition to the Network Address Translation (NAT) feature, the built-in firewall protects you from hackers. With minimum setup, you can install and use the router within minutes. The WPN824 router provides the following features: · · · · · RangeMaxTM Multi-In, Multi-Out (MIMO) technology 802.11g wireless networking, with the ability to operate in 802.11g-only, 802.11-turbo-g-only, or 802.11b+g modes Easy, Web-based setup for installation and management Content Filtering and Site Blocking security Built in 4-port 10/100 Mbps switch
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Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824
· · · · ·
Ethernet connection to a wide area network (WAN) device, such as a cable modem or DSL modem Extensive Protocol Support Login capability Front panel LEDs for easy monitoring of status and activity Flash memory for firmware upgrades
RangeMaxTM Multi-In, Multi-Out (MIMO) Technology
NETGEAR's RangeMax Multi-In, Multi-Out (MIMO) technology provides ten times more coverage than standard 802.11g alone by eliminating "dead spots" in your area of coverage. Your whole house or office suite now becomes a "hot spot" without requiring any range extenders, repeaters, or external antennas. RangeMax maintains your high speed throughout your home, not just when you are close to your router. RangeMax is an advanced Smart MIMO (Multi-In, Multi-Out) technology that uses seven internal antennas. RangeMax constantly surveys your home environment for physical barriers and interference and adjusts the wireless signal to compensate for these performance blockers. For example, if you carry your laptop from the family room to the bedroom, RangeMax automatically senses the change and selects from over 100 possible antenna configurations to deliver you the fastest, clearest connection. Everyone can enjoy consistently high-speed connections, everywhere in your house with no drop-outs and no dead spots. RangeMax is also 100% compatible with your existing 802.11b/g products (including 802.11b, 802.11g, Centrino, and SuperGTM wireless clients) and boosts their range and speed by up to 50%.
802.11g Wireless Networking
The WPN824 router includes an 802.11g wireless access point, providing continuous, high-speed 108 Mbps access between your wireless and Ethernet devices. The access point provides: · · 802.11g wireless networking at up to 108 Mbps. 802.11g wireless networking, with the ability to operate in 802.11g-only, 802.11b-only, or 802.11g and b modes, providing backwards compatibility with 802.11b devices or dedicating the wireless network to the higher bandwidth 802.11g devices. 64-bit and 128-bit WEP encryption security. Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP) keys can be generated manually or by passphrase. Wi-Fi Protected Access-Pre-Shared Key (WPA-PSK and WPA2-PSK) support, which provides strong data encryption and authentication based on a pre-shared key.
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· ·
Wireless access can be restricted by MAC address. Wireless network name broadcast can be turned off so that only devices that have the network name (SSID) can connect.
A Powerful, True Firewall with Content Filtering
Unlike simple Internet sharing NAT routers, the WPN824 is a true firewall, using stateful packet inspection to defend against hacker attacks. Its firewall features include: · Denial of Service (DoS) protection. Automatically detects and thwarts DoS attacks such as Ping of Death, SYN Flood, LAND Attack, and IP Spoofing. · · · Blocks unwanted traffic from the Internet to your LAN. Blocks access from your LAN to Internet locations or services that you specify as off-limits. Logs security incidents. The WPN824 will log security events such as blocked incoming traffic, port scans, attacks, and administrator logins. You can configure the router to E-mail the log to you at specified intervals. You can also configure the router to send immediate alert messages to your E-mail address or E-mail pager whenever a significant event occurs. · The WPN824 prevents objectionable content from reaching your computers. The router can screen for keywords within Web addresses, allows you to control access to Internet content. You can configure the router to log and report attempts to access objectionable Internet sites.
Security
The WPN824 router is equipped with several features designed to maintain security, as described in this section. · Computers Hidden by NAT. NAT opens a temporary path to the Internet for requests originating from the local network. Requests originating from outside the LAN are discarded, preventing users outside the LAN from finding and directly accessing the computers on the LAN. · Port Forwarding with NAT. Although NAT prevents Internet locations from directly accessing the computers on the LAN, the router allows you to direct incoming traffic to specific computers based on the service port number of the incoming request, or to one designated "DMZ" host computer. You can specify forwarding of single ports or ranges of ports.
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Autosensing Ethernet Connections with Auto Uplink
With its internal 4-port 10/100 switch, the WPN824 can connect to either a 10 Mbps standard Ethernet network or a 100 Mbps Fast Ethernet network. Both the LAN and WAN interfaces are autosensing and capable of full-duplex or half-duplex operation. The router incorporates Auto UplinkTM technology. Each Ethernet port will automatically sense whether the Ethernet cable plugged into the port should have a `normal' connection such as to a computer or an `uplink' connection such as to a switch or hub. That port will then configure itself to the correct configuration. This feature also eliminates the need to worry about crossover cables, as Auto Uplink will accommodate either type of cable to make the right connection.
Extensive Protocol Support
The WPN824 router supports the Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) and Routing Information Protocol (RIP). For further information about TCP/IP, see "Wireless Communications" in Appendix B. · IP Address Sharing by NAT. The WPN824 router allows several networked computers to share an Internet account using only a single IP address, which your Internet Service Provider (ISP) may statically or dynamically assign. This technique, known as NAT, allows the use of an inexpensive singleuser ISP account. · Automatic Configuration of Attached Computers by DHCP. The WPN824 router dynamically assigns network configuration information, including IP, gateway, and domain name server (DNS) addresses, to attached computers on the LAN using the Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP). This feature greatly simplifies configuration of computers on your local network. · DNS Proxy. When DHCP is enabled and no DNS addresses are specified, the router provides its own address as a DNS server to the attached computers. The router obtains actual DNS addresses from the ISP during connection setup and forwards DNS requests from the LAN. · PPP over Ethernet (PPPoE). PPPoE is a protocol for connecting remote hosts to the Internet over a DSL connection by simulating a dial-up connection. This feature eliminates the need to run a login program such as Entersys or WinPOET on your computer.
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Introduction
Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824
Easy Installation and Management
You can install, configure, and operate the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 within minutes after connecting it to the network. The following features simplify installation and management tasks: · Browser-based management. Browser-based configuration allows you to easily configure your router from almost any type of personal computer, such as Windows, Macintosh, or Linux. A user-friendly Setup Wizard is provided and online help documentation is built into the browser-based Web Management Interface. · Smart Wizard. The WPN824 router Smart Wizard automatically senses the type of Internet connection, asking you only for the information required for your type of ISP account. · Firmware Updates. The WPN824 router can be updated if a newer version of firmware is available. This lets you take advantage of product enhancements for your WPN824 as soon as they become available. · Visual monitoring. The WPN824 router's front panel LEDs provide an easy way to monitor its status and activity.
Maintenance and Support
NETGEAR offers the following features to help you maximize your use of the WPN824 router: · · Flash memory for firmware upgrades Free technical support seven days a week, twenty-four hours a day, for 90 days from the date of purchase
NETGEAR Related Products
NETGEAR products related to the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 are as follows: · RangeMax Wireless USB 2.0 Adapter (WPN111) · RangeMax Wireless PCI Adapter (WPN311) · RangeMax Wireless PC Card (WPN511)
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Package Contents
The product package should contain the following items: · RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 · AC power adapter · Vertical stand · Category 5 (CAT5) Ethernet cable · NETGEAR RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 Resource CD, including: -- This manual -- Application Notes and other helpful information · Wireless Home Router Setup Guide · Warranty and Support Information Card If any of the parts are incorrect, missing, or damaged, contact your NETGEAR dealer. Keep the carton, including the original packing materials, in case you need to return the router for repair.
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Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824
The Router's Front Panel
The front panel of the WPN824 router contains the status lights described below.
Figure 2-1
You can use the status lights to verify connections. Viewed from left to right, the table below describes the lights on the front panel of the router.
Table 2-1. Status Light Descriptions
Item 1 2 Function Power Test Activity On Green Solid Off On Off Slow blinking On Off Blink Amber off Amber on Amber blinking Green off On Blink 5 LAN Green Amber Description Power is supplied to the router. Power is not supplied to the router. The unit is performing the power-on self-test diagnostic. The unit successfully completed the power-on self-test diagnostic. Reset button is being pushed, restoring the factory default settings. The wireless interface is enabled. The wireless interface is turned off. Data is being communicated over the wireless network. No Ethernet cable is connected to the modem. Ethernet cable connection to modem is good. Packets are being transmitted and received from a modem or other network device, but no IP address has been received. No IP address received. IP address received. IP address received and data is being transmitted and received. The LAN port has detected a 100 Mbps link with an attached device. The LAN port has detected a 10 Mbps link with an attached device.
3
Wireless
4
Internet
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The Router's Rear Panel
The rear panel of the WPN824 router contains the items listed below.
1 2
Figure 2-2l
5 3 4
Viewed from left to right, the rear panel contains the following features: 1. Antenna light LED on/off switch. 2. AC power adapter outlet for 12V DC @ 1A output, 22W maximum. 3. Four Local (LAN) 10/100 Mbps Ethernet ports for connecting the router to the local computers. 4. Internet (WAN) Ethernet port for connecting the router to a cable or DSL modem. 5. Reset push button for restoring the factory default settings. For details, see "Restoring the Default Configuration and Password" on page 7-7.
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Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824
A Road Map for `How to Get There From Here'
The introduction and adoption of any new technology can be a difficult process. Broadband Internet service is considered so useful that more and more people want to set up networks in their home to share a broadband connection. Wireless technology has removed one of the barriers to networking--running wires. It allows more people to try networking while at the same time exposes them to the inherent complexity of networking. General networking concepts, setup, and maintenance can be difficult to understand. In addition, wireless technology adds issues, such as range, interference, signal quality, and security to the picture. To help overcome potential barriers to successfully using home networks, the table below identifies how to accomplish such things as connecting to a wireless network, assuring appropriate security measures are taken, browsing the Internet through your wireless connection, exchanging files with other computers and using printers in the combined wireless and wired network.
Table 2-1.
If I Want To? Set up a wireless network
A Road Map for How to Get There From Here
What Do I Do? What's Needed? How Do I? To set up the WPN824, see Chapter 3, "Connecting the Router to the Internet" and follow the instructions provided. To learn about wireless networking technology, see Chapter 4, "Wireless Configuration" for a general introduction. To learn about wireless networking security, see "Wireless Communications" in Appendix B. To use WEP security features, see "Implementing Appropriate Wireless Security" on page 4-2 and configure your WPN824 accordingly.
· A wireless network 1. Set up the RangeMax Wireless · A computer within the operating range of the Router WPN824. wireless network. For 2. Identify the wireless guidelines about the range network name of wireless networks, see (SSID) and, if used, "Observing Performance, the wireless security Placement, and Range settings. Guidelines" on page 4-1. 3. Set up the wireless computers with the settings from step 2. · A wireless network with 1. Assure that the WEP or WPA security wireless network has enabled. security features enabled. · Wireless networking equipment that supports 2. Configure my WEP or WPA, such as the WPN824 with the WPN824. security settings of the wireless network. 3. Use Windows security features.
Protect my wireless connection from snooping, hacking, or information theft.
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Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 Table 2-1.
If I Want To?
A Road Map for How to Get There From Here (continued)
What Do I Do? What's Needed? How Do I?
Note: Secure Internet sites such as banks and online merchants use encryption security built into browsers like Internet Explorer and Netscape. Any wireless networking security features you might implement are in addition to those already in place on secure Internet sites. Share Windows PC files and printers in a combined wireless and wired network. · Windows computers (wired 1. Use the Windows and wireless) connecting to Printers and Fax the network need to be features to locate configured with the available printers in Windows Client and File the combined and Print Sharing. wireless and wired · Windows computers (wired network in your and wireless) connecting to home. the network need to be 2. Use the Windows configured with the same Add a Printer wizard Note: For Windows Workgroup or to add access to a sharing files Domain settings as the network printer from and printers on other Windows computers the PC you are using other types of in the combined wireless to wirelessly connect computers like and wired network. to the network. Macintosh or · Any Windows networking Linux, see the 3. From the File menu security access rights such of an application product as login user name/ such as Microsoft documentation password that have been Word, use the Print that came with assigned in the Windows Setup feature to those network must be provided direct your print computers. when Windows prompts for output to the printer such information. on the network. · If so-called Windows `peer' networking is being used, the printer needs to be enabled for sharing. Windows Domain settings are usually managed by corporate computer support groups. Windows Workgroup settings are commonly managed by individuals who want to set up small networks in their homes, or small offices. For assistance with setting up Windows networking, see the PC Networking Tutorial on the NETGEAR RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 Resource CD and the Help information provided in the Windows system you are using. For assistance with setting up printers in Windows, see the Help and Support information that comes with the version of the Windows operating systems you are using.
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Introduction
Chapter 3 Connecting the Router to the Internet
This chapter describes how to set up the router on your local area network (LAN) and connect to the Internet. You will find out how to configure your RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 for Internet access using the Setup Wizard, or how to manually configure your Internet connection. Follow these instructions to set up your router.
Prepare to Install Your Wireless Router
· · · Observe the wireless placement and range guidelines in "Observing Performance, Placement, and Range Guidelines" on page 4-1. For Cable Modem Service: when you perform the wireless router setup steps, be sure to use the computer you first registered with your cable ISP. For DSL Service: you may need information such as the DSL login name/e-mail address and password in order to complete the wireless router setup.
Before proceeding with the wireless router installation, familiarize yourself with the contents of the NETGEAR RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824 Resource CD, especially this manual and the animated tutorials for configuring networking on PCs.
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First, Use the Smart Wizard to Configure the Wireless Router
Insert the Resource CD in the CD drive of your PC. The following screen appears. Click SETUP and follow the prompts.
Figure 3-1
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Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824
Now, Set Up a Computer for Wireless Connectivity
You are now connected to the Internet and the wireless feature of the wireless router is enabled! Next, configure your wireless computer. 1. Configure the computer's Wireless Adapter Settings.
Figure 3-2
NETGEAR, Inc. wireless adapters display a list of available wireless networks. When wireless security is disabled, you simply choose yours from the list and connect. For a non-NETGEAR wireless adapter, configure it to match your settings exactly. If you changed the default Network Name (SSID), be sure to use the correct Network Name (SSID) you set in the wireless router.
WIRELESS FEATURE Network Name (SSID) WEP Security DEFAULT SETTING NETGEAR Disabled
Warning: The Network Name (SSID) is case sensitive. Typing nETgear will not work. 2. Verify wireless connectivity. Verify wireless connectivity. Connect to the Internet or log in to the wireless router from a computer with a wireless adapter. For wireless connectivity problems, see "Troubleshooting Tips" on page 3-4. You are now wirelessly connected to the Internet! Implement wireless security according to the instructions in "Implementing Appropriate Wireless Security" on page 4-2.
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Troubleshooting Tips
Here are some tips for correcting simple problems you may have: Be sure to restart your network in this sequence: 1) Turn off the modem, wireless router, and computer; 2) Turn on the modem, wait two minutes; 3) Turn on the wireless router and wait 1 minute; 4) Turn on the computer. Make sure the Ethernet cables are securely plugged in. · The Internet status light on the wireless router will be lit if the Ethernet cable to the wireless router from the modem is plugged in securely and the modem and wireless router are turned on. For each powered on computer connected to the wireless router with a securely plugged in Ethernet cable, the corresponding wireless router LAN port status light will be lit. The label on the bottom of the wireless router identifies the number of each LAN port.
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Make sure the wireless settings in the computer and router match exactly. The Wireless Network Name (SSID) and security settings of the router and wireless computer must match exactly. Make sure the network settings of the computer are correct. · LAN and wirelessly connected computers must be configured to obtain an IP address automatically via DHCP. Please see "Preparing a Computer for Network Access" in Appendix B or the animated tutorials on the CD for help with this. Some cable modem ISPs require you to use the MAC address of the computer registered on the account. If so, in the Router MAC Address section of the Basic Settings menu, select Use this Computer's MAC Address. The router will then capture and use the MAC address of the computer that you are now using. You must be using the computer that is registered with the ISP. Click Apply to save your settings. Restart the network in the correct sequence.
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Check the router status lights to verify correct router operation. · If the Power light does not turn solid green within 2 minutes after turning the router on, reset the router according to the instructions in "Restoring the Default Configuration and Password" on page 7-7. If the Wireless light does not come on, verify that the wireless feature is turned on according to the instructions in "Understanding Wireless Settings" on page 4-4.
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Overview of How to Access the Wireless Router
The table below describes how you access the wireless router, depending on the state of the wireless router.
Table 3-1. Ways to access the router
Router State Factory Default Access Options Automatic Access via the Smart Wizard Configuration Assistant Description Any time a Web browser is opened on any computer connected to the wireless router, the wireless router will automatically connect to that browser and display the Configuration Assistant welcome page. There is no need to enter the wireless router URL in the browser, or provide the login user name and password. Manually enter a URL to bypass the Smart Wizard Configuration Assistant You can bypass the Smart Wizard Configuration Assistant feature by typing http://www.routerlogin.com/basicsetting.htm in the browser address bar. You may be prompted for a user name and password. The user name is admin and the default password is password. This will enable you to manually configure the wireless router even when it is in the factory default state. When manually configuring the router, you must complete the configuration by clicking Apply when finished entering your settings. If you do not do so, a browser on any computer connected to the router will automatically display the router's Configuration Assistant Welcome page rather than the browser's home page. Enter the standard URL to access the wireless router Connect to the wireless router by typing either of these URLs in the address field of your browser, then click Enter: · http://www.routerlogin.net · http://www.routerlogin.com The wireless router will prompt you to enter the user name of admin and the password. The default password is password. Connect to the wireless router by typing the IP address of the wireless router in the address field of your browser, then click Enter. 192.168.1.1 is the default IP address of the wireless router. The wireless router will prompt you to enter the user name of admin and the password. The default password is password.
Note: The wireless router is supplied in the factory default state. Also, the factory default state is restored when you use the factory reset button. See "Restoring the Default Configuration and Password" on page 7-7 for more information on this feature.
Configuration Settings Have Been Applied
Enter the IP address of the wireless router to access the wireless router.
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How to Log On to the Wireless Router After Configuration Settings Have Been Applied
1. Connect to the wireless router by typing http://www.routerlogin.net in the address field of your browser, then click Enter.
Figure 3-3
2. For security reasons, the router has its own user name and password. When prompted, enter admin for the router user name and password for the router password, both in lower case letters. To change the password, see "Changing the Administrator Password" on page 6-9. Note: The router user name and password are not the same as any user name or password you may use to log in to your Internet connection.
Figure 3-4
Once you have entered your user name and password, your Web browser should find the WPN824 router and display the home page as shown below.
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Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824
Figure 3-5
The browser will then display the WPN824 settings home page. Click the Yes button to check for firmware updates, or the No button to use the firmware already loaded in the router. When the wireless router is connected to the Internet, click the Knowledge Base or the Documentation link under the Web Support menu to view support information or the documentation for the wireless router.
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If you do not click Logout, the wireless router will wait 5 minutes after there is no activity before it automatically logs you out.
How to Bypass the Configuration Assistant
1. When the wireless router is in the factory default state, you can bypass the configuration assistant and directly configure your router by powering off your modem and using your browser to navigate to http://www.routerlogin.com/basicsetting.htm. You may be prompted for a user name and password. If so, the user name is admin and the password, in the factory default state, is password. 2. The browser will then display the WPN824 settings home page shown in Figure 3-6 on page 3-9. If you do not click Logout, the wireless router will wait 5 minutes after there is no activity before it automatically logs you out.
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Reference Manual for the RangeMax Wireless Router WPN824
How to Manually Configure Your Internet Connection
You can manually configure your router using the Basic Settings menu, shown below, or you can allow the Setup Wizard to determine your configuration as described in the previous section. ISP Does Not Require Login ISP Does Require Login
Figure 3-6
You can manually configure the router using the Basic Settings menu shown in Figure 3-6 using these steps: 1. Connect to the wireless router by typing http://www.routerlogin.net in the address field of your browser, then click Enter.
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2. For security reasons, the wireless router has its own user name and password. When prompted, enter admin for the router user name and password for the router password, both in lower case letters. 3. Click Basic Settings under the Setup heading on the main menu. 4. If your Internet connection does not require a login, click No at the top of the Basic Settings menu and fill in the settings according to the instructions below. If your Internet connection does require a login, click Yes, and skip to step 5. a. Enter your Account Name (may also be called Host Name) and Domain Name. These parameters may be necessary to access your ISP's services such as mail or news servers. b. Internet IP Address: If your ISP has assigned you a permanent, fixed (static) IP address for your computer, select Use Static IP Address. Enter the IP address that your ISP assigned. Also enter the IP subnet mask and the Gateway IP address. The Gateway is the ISP's router to which your router will connect. c. Domain Name Server (DNS) Address: If you know that your ISP does not automatically transmit DNS addresses to the router during login, select Use These DNS Servers and enter the IP address of your ISP's Primary DNS Server. If a Secondary DNS Server address is available, enter it also. Note: If you enter an address here, restart the computers on your network so that these settings take effect. d. Router's MAC Address: This section determines the Ethernet MAC address the router will use on the Internet port. Some ISPs will register the Ethernet MAC address of the network interface card in your computer when your account is first opened. They will then only accept traffic from the MAC address of that computer. This feature allows your router to masquerade as that computer by "cloning" its MAC address. To change the MAC address, select Use Computer MAC address. The router will then capture and use the MAC address of the computer that you are now using. You must be using the one computer that is allowed by the ISP. Or, select Use this MAC address and type it in here. e. Click Apply to save your settings.
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5. If your Internet connection does require a login, fill in the settings according to the instructions below. Select Yes if you normally must launch a login program such as Enternet or WinPOET in order to access the Internet. Note: After you finish setting up your router, you will no longer need to launch the ISP's login program on your computer in order to access the Internet. When you start an Internet application, your router will automatically log you in. a. Select your Internet service provider from the drop-down list.
Figure 3-7
Note: Not all ISPs are listed here. The ones on this list have special requirements.
b. The screen will change according to the ISP settings requirements of the ISP you select. c. Fill in the parameters for your Internet service provider. d. Click Apply to save your settings. Click the Test button to verify you have Internet access.
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Using the Smart Setup Wizard
You can use the Smart Setup Wizard to assist with manual configuration or to verify the Internet connection. The Smart Setup Wizard is not the same as the Smart Wizard configuration assistant (as illustrated in Figure 3-1) that only appears when the router is in its factory default state. After you configure the wireless router, the Smart Wizard configuration assistant will not appear again. To use the Smart Setup Wizard to assist with manual configuration or to verify the Internet connection settings, follow this procedure: 1. Connect to the wireless router by typing http://www.routerlogin.net in the address field of your browser, then click Enter. 2. For security reasons, the router has its own user name and password. When prompted, enter admin for the router user name and password for the router password, both in lower case letters. To change the password, see "Changing the Administrator Password" on page 6-9. Note: The router user name and password are not the same as any user name or password you may use to log in to your Internet connection. Once you have entered your user name and password, your Web browser should find the WPN824 router and display the home page as shown in Figure 3-5 on page 3-7. 3. Click Setup Wizard on the upper left of the main menu. 4. Click Next to proceed. Input your ISP settings, as needed. 5. At the end of the Setup Wizard, click the Test button to verify your Internet connection. If you have trouble connecting to the Internet, use "Troubleshooting Tips" on page 3-4 to correct basic problems, or see Chapter 7, "Troubleshooting".
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NETGEAR Product Registration, Support, and Documentation
Register your product at http://www.NETGEAR.com/register. Registration is required before you can use our telephone support service. Product updates and Web support are always available by going to: http://kbserver.netgear.com/products/WPN824.asp Documentation is available on the CD and at http://kbserver.netgear.com/documentation/WPN824.asp When the wireless router is connected to the Internet, click the Knowledge Base or the Documentation link under the Web Support menu to view support information or the documentation for the wireless router.
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Chapter 4 Wireless Configuration
This chapter describes how to configure the wireless features of your WPN824 router. In planning your wireless network, you should consider the level of security required. You should also select the physical placement of your firewall in order to maximize the network speed. For further information on wireless networking, see "Wireless Communications" in Appendix B.
Observing Performance, Placement, and Range Guidelines
The operating distance or range of your wireless connection can vary significantly based on the physical placement of the wireless firewall. The latency, data throughput performance, and notebook power consumption of wireless adapters also vary depending on your configuration choices. Note: Failure to follow these guidelines can result in significant performance degradation or inability to wirelessly connect to the router. For complete range and performance specifications, please see Appendix A, "Technical Specifications". For best results, place your firewall: · Near the center of the area in which your computers operates. · In an elevated location such as a high shelf where the wirelessly connected computers have line-of-sight access (even if through walls). · Away from sources of interference, such as computers, microwaves, and 2.4 GHz cordless phones. · Away from large metal surfaces. The time it takes to establish a wireless connection can vary depending on both your security settings and placement. Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP) connections can take slightly longer to establish. Also, WEP and Wi-Fi Protected Access, Pre-Shared Key (WPA-PSK and WPA2-PSK) encryption can consume more battery power on a notebook computer. When used on a metallic surface, Multiple Input, Multiple Output (MIMO) units must be oriented vertically to ensure proper operation:
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Figure 4-1
Implementing Appropriate Wireless Security
Note: Indoors, computers can connect over 802.11b/g wireless networks at ranges of up to 300 feet. Such distances can allow for others outside of your immediate area to access your network. Unlike wired network data, your wireless data transmissions can be received well beyond your walls by anyone with a compatible adapter. For this reason, use the security features of your wireless equipment. The WPN824 router provides highly effective security features which are covered in detail in this chapter. Deploy the security features appropriate to your needs.
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WPN824
Figure 4-2
There are several ways you can enhance the security of your wireless network: · Restrict access based on MAC address. You can restrict access to only trusted computers so that unknown computers cannot wirelessly connect to the WPN824. MAC address filtering adds an obstacle against unwanted access to your network, but the data broadcast over the wireless link is fully exposed. · Turn off the broadcast of the Wireless Network Name SSID. If you disable broadcast of the SSID, only devices that have the correct SSID can connect. This nullifies the wireless network `discovery' feature of some products such as Windows XP, but the data is still fully exposed to a determined snoop using specialized test equipment like wireless sniffers. · WEP. Provides data security. WEP Shared Key authentication and WEP data encryption will block all but the most determined eavesdropper. · WPA-PSK and WPA2-PSK. Provides strong data security. WPA-PSK and WPA2-PSK will block eavesdropping. Because these are new standards, wireless device driver and software availability may be limited. · Turn off the wireless LAN. If you disable the wireless LAN, wireless devices cannot communicate with the router at all. You might choose to turn off the wireless LAN when you are away and others on the network all use wired connections.
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Understanding Wireless Settings
To configure the Wireless settings of your firewall, click the Wireless link in the main menu of the browser interface. The Wireless Settings menu appears, as shown below.
Figure 4-3
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Name (SSID). The SSID is also known as the wireless network name. Enter a value of up to 32 alphanumeric characters. In a setting where there is more than one wireless network, different wireless network names provide a means for separating the traffic. Any device you want to participate in a particular wireless network will need to use this SSID for that network. The WPN824 default SSID is: NETGEAR.
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Region. This field identifies the region where the WPN824 can be used. It may not be legal to operate the wireless features of the wireless router in a region other than one of those identified in this field.
Note: The region selection feature may not be available in all countries.
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Channel. This field determines which operating frequency is used. It should not be necessary to change the wireless channel unless you notice interference problems with another nearby access point. For more information on the wireless channel frequencies, please see "Wireless Communications" in Appendix B. Mode. This field determines which data communications protocol to use. You can select "g only", "b only", or "g and b". The "g only" option dedicates the WPN824 to communicating with the higher bandwidth 802.11g wireless devices exclusively. "b only" dedicates the WPN824 to communicating with the lower bandwidth 802.11b wireless devices exclusively. The "g and b" mode provides backward compatibility with the slower 802.11b wireless devices while still enabling 802.11g communications. Security Options. These options are the wireless security features you can enable. The table below identifies the various basic wireless security options. A full explanation of these standards is available in "Wireless Communications" in Appendix B.
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Table 4-1. Basic Wireless Security Options
Field Automatic WEP Description No wireless security. WEP offers the following options: · Open System With Open Network Authentication and 64- or 128-bit WEP Data Encryption, the WPN824 does perform 64- or 128-bit data encryption but does not perform any authentication. · Shared Key Shared Key authentication encrypts the SSID and data. Choose the Encryption Strength (64- or 128-bit data encryption). Manually enter the key values or enter a word or group of printable characters in the Passphrase box. Manually entered keys are case sensitive but passphrase characters are not case sensitive. Note: Not all wireless adapter configuration utilities support passphrase key generation. · Auto The router automatically detects whether Open System or Shared Key are being used.
WPA-PSK WPA-Pre-shared Key does perform authentication. WPA-PSK uses TKIP (Temporal Key WPA2-PSK Integrity Protocol) data encryption and WPA2-PSK uses AES (Advanced Encryption Standard) data encryption. Both dynamically change the encryption keys, making them nearly impossible to circumvent. Enter a word or group of printable characters in the Passphrase box. These characters are case sensitive. Note: Not all wireless adapter configuration utilities support WPA. Furthermore, client software is required on the client. Windows XP Service Pack 2 and Windows XP Service Pack 1 with the WPA patch do include the client software that supports WPA. Nevertheless, the wireless adapter hardware and driver must also support WPA.
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To configure the advanced wireless settings of your firewall, click the Wireless Setup link in the Advanced section of the main menu of the browser interface. The Advanced Wireless Settings menu appears, as shown below.
Figure 4-4
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Enable Wireless Router Radio. If you disable the wireless router radio, wireless devices cannot connect to the WPN824. Enable SSID Broadcast. If you disable broadcast of the SSID, only devices that have the correct SSID can connect. Disabling SSID broadcast nullifies the wireless network `discovery' feature of some products such as Windows XP. 108 Mbps Settings. For best performance, leave these at their default settings.
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Wireless Card Access List. When the Trusted PCs Only radio button is selected, the WPN824 checks the MAC address of the wireless station and only allows connections to computers identified on the trusted computers list. Note: The Fragmentation Threshold, CTS/RTS Threshold, and Preamble Mode options are reserved for wireless testing and advanced configuration only. Do not change these settings.
Information to Gather Before Changing Basic Wireless Settings
Before customizing your wireless settings, print this form and record the following information. If you are working with an existing wireless network, the person who set up or is responsible for the network must provide this information. Otherwise, you must choose the settings for your wireless network. Either way, record the settings for your wireless network in the spaces below. · Wireless Network Name (SSID): ______________________________ The SSID identifies the wireless network. You can use up to 32 alphanumeric characters. The SSID is case sensitive. The SSID in the wireless adapter card must match the SSID of the wireless router. In some configuration utilities (such as in Windows XP), the term "wireless network name" is used instead of SSID. If WEP Authentication is Used, circle one: Open System, Shared Key, or Auto. Note: If you select Shared Key, the other devices in the network will not connect unless they are set to Shared Key as well and are configured with the correct key. WEP Encryption key size. Choose one: 64-bit or 128-bit. Again, the encryption key size must be the same for the wireless adapters and the wireless router. Data Encryption (WEP) Keys. There are two methods for creating WEP data encryption keys. Whichever method you use, record the key values in the spaces below. · Passphrase method. ______________________________ These characters are case sensitive. Enter a word or group of printable characters and click the Generate Keys button. Not all wireless devices support the passphrase method.
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Manual method. These values are not case sensitive. For 64-bit WEP, enter 10 hex digits (any combination of 0-9 or a-f). For 128-bit WEP, enter 26 hex digits.
Key 1: ___________________________________ Key 2: ___________________________________ Key 3: ___________________________________ Key 4: ___________________________________ · If WPA-PSK or WPA2-PSK Authentication is Used: Passphrase: ______________________________ These characters are case sensitive. Enter a word or group of printable characters. When you use WPA-PSK, the other devices in the network will not connect unless they are set to WPA-PSK as well and are configured with the correct Passphrase. Similarly, when you use WPA2-PSK, the other devices in the network will not connect unless they are set to WPA2-PSK and are configured with the correct Passphrase.
Use the procedures described in the following sections to configure the WPN824. Store this information in a safe place.
Default Factory Settings
When you first receive your WPN824, the default factory settings are in effect as shown below. You can restore these defaults with the Factory Default Restore button on the rear panel. After you install