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File No. 8360-24
Form C28-6Sl6-2




Systems Reference Library




i IBJvI Operating System/360
COBOL Language


COBOL (Common Business Oriented Language) is similar to English. It
was developed by the Conference of Data Systems Languages {CODASY~.
COBOL provides a convenient method of coding programs to handle
commercial data processing problems.
This publication describes COBOL as implemented for the IBM Operating
System/360.

Two COBOL compilers are implemented for Operating System/360, called
COBOL E and COBOL F. Differences between the features implemented by
the two compilers are ,discussed in the preface. IBM extensions to COBOL
are also discussed in the preface.
This publication discusses the four divisions of a COBOL program and
describes the following special features of System/360 COBOL:

1. Report Writer Feature
2. Sort Feature
3. Source Program Library Facility
4. Specifications for the Sterling Currency Feature and International
Considerations

(
5. COBOL DebUgging Language

Three appendixes are included:
1. A list of definitions of terms in COBOL formats
2. A COBOL word list
3. 'A sample problem on asynchronous processing

This publication provides the programmer with rules for writing
programs in COBOL for System/360. Users unacquainted with COBOL should
first familiarize themselves with the publication: COBOL: General
Information Manual, Form F28-8053-2.




,-
PREFACE



The features implemented in COBOL E are a subset of the features
implemented in COBOL F. Statements common to both COBOL E and COBOL F,
when processed by the COBOL E Compiler, produce results equivalent to
those compiled by the COBOL F Compiler. The features of COBOL that are
not being implemented in COBOL E are marked in the margin of this
publication by the words "F Only." These features are the following:

1. Asynchronous Processing
a. Options 3 and 4 of the APPLY clause

b. The USE FOR RANDOM PROCESSING sentence
c. The HOLD statement

d. The PROCESS statement
2. The CORRESPONDING option of the ADD, SUBTRACT, and MOVE statements.

3. The Report Writer Feature
4. The Sort Feature

5. Implied subjects and relations in compound conditions
6. Nested IF statements

The following features will be available in COBOL E, but with
restricted forms:

1. The DEPENDING ON option of the OCCURS clause

2. The Sterling Currency feature

3. The EXHIBIT statement
The following features will not be available wi.th the initial release
of COBOL E:
1. The Extended Source Program Library Facility
2. Random Access

a. The ORGANIZATION clause

b. The SYMBOLIC KEY clause
c. The ACTUAL KEY clause

d. The clause ASSIGN TO DIRECT-ACCESS

e. The clause ACCESS IS RANDOM
f. Option 1 of the APPLY clause

g. The REWRITE statement
h. The OPEN statement with the 1-0 option

i. The READ and WRITE statements with the INVALID KEY option
However, disk storage devices may be used with standard sequential
files (i.e., files assigned as UTILIT~.
The following features are IBM extensions to COBOL for Operating
System/360 and are marked in the margins of this publication by the word
nExt. n

1. The ORGANIZATION clause

2. Internal and external floating-point items and floating-point
literals

3. The WITHOUT COUNT CONTROL option of the RECORD CONTAINS clause
4. The interpretation of data-name in the LABEL RECORDS clause

5. The Linkage Section of the Data Division
6. Options 1 and 2 of the USE sentence

7. The REWRITE statement