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Systems Reference Library




IBM System/360 Time Sharing System
PL/I Language Reference Manual

This publication is a companion volume t.o IBM
System/360 Time Sharing System: PL/I Programmer's
Guide, Order GC28-2049. Together the two books form a
guide to the writing and execution of PL/I programs
under the control of an IBM System/360 'rime Sharing
System that includes the PL/I compiler.
PREFACE




This publication is planned for use as a RECOMMENtED PUBLICATIONS
reference book by the PL/I user. It is not
intended to be a tutorial publication, but
is designed for the reader who already has The following publications contain other
a knowledge of the language and who information that might be valuable to the
requires a source of reference material. PL/I user or to a user who is learning
PL/I:
It is divided into two ~arts. Part I
contains discussions of concepts of the
language. Part II contains detailed rules IBM SYGtem/360 Time Sharing System:
and syntactic desc.riptions. PL/I Programmer's Guide, Form
GC28-2049 ~
Although implementation information is
included, the book is not a complete
description of any implementation A pL/r Primer, Form GC28-680B
environment. In general, it contains
information needed in writing a program; it A Guide to PL/I for Commercial
does not contain all of the information Programmers, Forn. GC20-1651
required to execute a Frogram. For further
information on executing a program refer to A Guide tc PL/I for FORTRAN Users, Form
the publication: IBM System/360 Time GC20-1637
Sharing System: PL/I Progranlmer's Guide.
Form GC28-201.19. The following publication contains a
description of the IBM System/360 Time
The features discussed in this Sharing System:
publication correspond to thOSE implemented
in tne fifth version of the PL/I (F) IBM System/360 Time Sharing system:
Compiler in Release 18 of IBM System/360 Concerts and Facilities, Form
Operating System. GC28-2003




iii
CONTENTS




INTRODUCTION 1

PART I: CONCEPTS OF PL/I 3

SECTION 1: BASIC CHARACTERISTICS OF PL/I 5
Machine Independence 5
Program Structure 5
Data Types and Data Description 5
Default Assumptions 5
Storage Allocation 6
Expressions 6
Data collections 6
Input and Output 6
Compile-Time Operations 7
Interruption Activities 7
Multitasking 7

SECTION 2: PROGRAM ELE~ENTS 8
Character Sets 8
60-Character Set 8
48- Character Set 8
Using the Chara,cter Set 8
Identifiers 9
The Use of Blanks 10
Conunents 10
Basic Program Structure 10
Simple and compound Statements 10
Statment Prefixes 11
Groups and Blocks 11

SECTION 3: DATA ELEMENTS 13
Data Types 13
Problem Lata 13
Arithmetic Data 13
Decimal Fixed-Point Data 14
Sterling Fixed-Point Data 15
Binary Fixed-Point Data 15
Decimal Floating-Point Data 15
Binary Floating-Point Data 16
ccmplex Arithmetic Data 16
Numeric Character Data 17
Precision cf Arithmetic Constants 18
String Data 18
Character-String Data 18
Bit-string Data 20
Program Control Data 20
L3bel Data 20
Event Data 21
Task Data 21
Locator Data 21
Area Data 21
Data Organization 21
Arrays 22
Expressions as Subscripts 23
Cross Sections of Arrays 23
Structures 23
Qualified Names 24
Arrays of stru~tures 25
Other Attributes 25
The DEFl"I::D Attribute 25
The LIK~ Attricute 26
'fhe ALIGNED and UNALIGNED Attributes 26


v
The INITIAL Attribute.