Text preview for : s_afx10.pdf part of RICOH Aficio FX10 Service Manual
Back to : s_afx10.part1.rar | Home
LFO AFICIO FX10 SERVICE MANUAL
June 10th, 1997 Subject to change
LFO AFICIO FX10 SERVICE MANUAL ............................ 1. OVERALL MACHINE INFORMATION 1-1 .................... 1.1. SPECIFICATIONS 1-1 ............................................. 1.2. FEATURES 1-3 ....................................................... 1.3. COMPONENT LAYOUT 1-6 ....................................
1.3.1. Mechanical Components 1-6 ....................................... 1.3.2. Electrical Components 1-8 ........................................... 1.5.1. Transmission 1-13 ........................................................ 1.5.2. Reception 1-14 ............................................................. 1.5.3. Copying 1-15 ................................................................ 1.5.4. PC Printing 1-17 ........................................................... 1.5.5. PC Scanning 1-18 ......................................................... 1.5.6. PC Fax 1-19 .................................................................
1-1 1-1 1-3 1-6
1-6 1-8 1-13 1-14 1-15 1-17 1-18 1-19
1.4. OVERALL MACHINE CONTROL 1-12 .................... 1-12 1.5. VIDEO DATA PATH 1-13 ........................................ 1-13
1.6. POWER DISTRIBUTION 1-20 ................................. 1-20
1.6.1. Distribution Diagram 1-20 ............................................. 1-20 1.6.2. Memory Back-up Circuit 1-21 ....................................... 1-21
2. DETAILED SECTION DESCRIPTIONS 2-1 ................... 2.1. SCANNER 2-1 .........................................................
2.1.1. Overview 2-1 ................................................................. 2.1.2. Scanning 2-3 ................................................................. 2.1.3. Drive Mechanism 2-4 .................................................... 2.1.4. Pick-up (ADF) 2-7 ......................................................... 2.1.5. Feed and Separation (ADF) 2-7 .................................. 2.1.6. Error Conditions 2-8 ......................................................
2-1 2-1
2-1 2-3 2-4 2-7 2-7 2-8
2.2. PRINTING 2-9 .........................................................
2.2.1. Printing Process - Overview 2-9 ................................... 2.2.2. OPC Drum 2-10 ............................................................ 2.2.3. Charge 2-10 .................................................................. 2.2.4. Laser Exposure 2-12 .................................................... 2.2.5. Toner Supply 2-16 ........................................................ 2.2.6. Development 2-19 ........................................................ 2.2.7. Paper Feed 2-24 ........................................................... 2.2.8. Registration 2-31 .......................................................... 2.2.9. Transfer and Separation 2-33 ....................................... 2.2.10. Cleaning 2-35 ............................................................. 2.2.11. Fusing 2-36 ................................................................. 2.2.12. Page Separation and Data Reduction 2-40 ................ 2.2.13. Paper Size Selection 2-42 ..........................................
2-9
2-9 2-10 2-10 2-12 2-16 2-19 2-24 2-31 2-33 2-35 2-36 2-40 2-42
2.3. SYSTEM FEATURES 2-43 ...................................... 2-43
2.3.1. Power Saver Modes 2-43 ............................................ 2-43 2.3.2. Automatic Service Calls 2-44 ........................................ 2-44
2.4. PCBs 2-48 ............................................................... 2-48
2.4.1. FCU 2-48 ...................................................................... 2-48
5. PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE 5-1 ............................... 5.1. SPECIAL TOOLS AND LUBRICANTS 5-1 .............. 5.2. PM TABLE 5-1 ......................................................... 6. REPLACEMENT AND ADJUSTMENT 6-1 .................... 6.1. EXTERIOR 6-1 ........................................................
6.1.1. Front and Right Cover 6-1 ........................................... 6.1.2. Rear Cover 6-2 ............................................................ 6.1.3. Operation Panel 6-3 ..................................................... 6.1.4. Platen Cover 6-4 .......................................................... 6.1.5. Upper Rear Cover 6-4 ................................................. 6.1.6. Exposure Glass 6-5 .....................................................
5-1 5-1 5-1 1 1
1 2 3 4 4 5
6.2. SCANNER 6-6 .........................................................
6.2.1. Contact Image Sensor 6-6 ........................................... 6.2.2. Lamp Stabilizer 6-7 ...................................................... 6.2.3. Scanner Home Position Sensor 6-7 ............................ 6.2.4. Scanner Motor 6-8 .......................................................
6
6 7 7 8
6.3. LASER PRINTING COMPONENTS 6-9 ..................
6.3.1. Laser Unit 6-9 .............................................................. 6.3.2. Laser Diode Unit and Hexagonal Mirror Motor 6-10 ....
9
9 10
6.4. DEVELOPMENT 6-11 .............................................
6.4.1. Drum 6-11 .................................................................... 6.4.2. Development Unit 6-11 ................................................ 6.4.3. Transfer Roller 6-12 ..................................................... 6.4.4. Main Motor and Gears 6-12 ......................................... 6.4.5. Replacing the Development Unit 6-13 ......................... 6.4.6. Toner Metering Blade ...................................................
11
11 11 12 12 13 14
6.5. FUSING 6-15 ...........................................................
6.5.1. Fusing Unit 6-15 .......................................................... 6.5.2. Thermistor 6-15 ........................................................... 6.5.3. Hot Roller Strippers 6-16 ............................................. 6.5.4. Fusing Lamp 6-17 ......................................................... 6.5.5. Hot Roller 6-18 ............................................................. 6.5.6. Pressure Roller 6-19 .................................................... 6.5.7. Thermostat and Thermofuse 6-20 ...............................
15
15 15 16 17 18 19 20
6.6. PAPER FEED 6-21 ..................................................
6.6.1. Paper Feed Roller 6-21 ............................................... 6.6.2. Paper End Sensor and Cassette Sensor 6-21 ............. 6.6.3. Registration Sensor 6-22 ............................................. 6.6.4. Paper Feed Motor 6-22 ................................................ 6.6.5. Registration Roller 6-23 ............................................... 6.6.6. Speaker (Asia Model Only) 6-24 ................................... 6.6.7. Bypass Feed Sensor 6-24 ...........................................
21
21 21 22 22 23 24 24
6.7. PCBs 6-25 ...............................................................
6.7.1. NCU 6-25 ..................................................................... 6.7.2. FCU 6-26 ...................................................................... 6.7.3. PSU 6-27 .....................................................................
25
25 26 27
6.7.4. Power Pack 6-27 .........................................................
27
6.8. ADF 6-28 .................................................................
6.8.1. Feed Roller and Pick Up Roller 6-28 ........................... 6.8.2. Seperation Roller 6-28 ................................................. 6.8.3. R1 and R2 Rollers 6-29 ................................................ 6.8.4. Scan Line Sensor, Cover Sensor and Document ......... 6.8.5. ADF Motor 6-31 ............................................................
28
28 28 29 30 31
6.9. OTHERS 6-32 ..........................................................
6.9.1. Ozone Filter and Fan Motor 6-32 ................................. 6.9.2. Toner End Sensor 6-32 ............................................... 6.9.3. Feed-out Sensor and Exit Cover Sensor 6-33 ............. 6.9.4. Interlock Switch 6-33 ...................................................
32
32 32 33 33
6.10. OPTIONAL PAPER CASSETTE 6-34 ...................
6.10.1. Bottom Cover 6-34 ..................................................... 6.10.2. Paper End Sensor and Paper Width Sensor 6-34 ..... 6.10.3. Drive Components 6-35 ............................................. 6.10.4. Paper Size Sensor and Interface Connector 6-35 .....
34
34 34 35 35
6.11. IMAGE ADJUSTMENT 6-36 ..................................
6.11.1. Overview 6-36 ............................................................ 6.11.2. Scanner Parameters 6-37 ........................................... 6.11.3. Printer Parameters 6-39 ............................................. 6.11.4. Scanner Video Processing Parameters 6-41 ..............
36
36 37 39 41
7. TROUBLESHOOTING 7-1 ............................................. 7.1. COPY QUALITY TROUBLESHOOTING 7-1 ...........
7.1.1. Blank Copies 7-2 .......................................................... 7.1.2. Black Copies 7-3 ........................................................... 7.1.3. Dirty Background 7-4 .................................................... 7.1.4. Uneven Image Density 7-5 ........................................... 7.1.5. Vertical Black Lines 7-6 ................................................ 7.1.6. Horizontal Black Lines 7-7 ............................................ 7.1.7. Vertical White Lines 7-8 ................................................ 7.1.8. Horizontal White Lines 7-9 ............................................ 7.1.9. Black Dots/Spots 7-10 .................................................. 7.1.10. White Spots in Black Image Areas 7-11 ..................... 7.1.11. Faint Copies 7-12 ....................................................... 7.1.12. Vertical Black Band 7-14 ............................................ 7.1.13. Unfused Copies 7-15 .................................................. 7.1.14. Ghost Image 7-15 ....................................................... 7.1.15. Toner on the Back of the Printer Paper 7-16 .............. 7.1.16. Misaligned Output (Data shifted to the right or left) .... 7.1.17. Misaligned Output (Image shifted vertically)/Redu .....
7-1 7-1
7-2 7-3 7-4 7-5 7-6 7-7 7-8 7-9 7-10 7-11 7-12 7-14 7-15 7-15 7-16 7-17 7-17
7.2. MECHANICAL PROBLEMS 7-18 ............................ 7-18
7.2.1. ADF 7-18 ...................................................................... 7-18 7.2.2. Book Scanner 7-21 ....................................................... 7-21 7.2.3. Printer 7-22 ................................................................... 7-22
7.3. PC Connectivity Problems 7-26 ............................... 7-26 7.4. SERVICE CALL CONDITIONS 7-27 ....................... 7-27
2.4.2. PSU 2-50 ...................................................................... 2.4.3. NCU (USA) 2-51 ........................................................... 2.4.4. NCU (Europe/Asia) 2-52 ............................................... 2.4.5. Interface 2-53 ................................................................
2-50 2-51 2-52 2-53
3. INSTALLATION 3-1 ....................................................... 3.1. INSTALLING THE MACHINE 3-1 ............................ 3.2. INITIAL PROGRAMMING 3-2 ................................. 3.3. INSTALLING OPTIONAL UNITS 3-2 ....................... 4. SERVICE TABLES AND PROCEDURES 4-1 ............... 4.1. SERVICE LEVEL FUNCTIONS 4-1 .........................
4.1.1. Bit Switch Programming (Function 01) 4-1 ................... 4.1.2. System Parameter List (Function 02) 4-2 ..................... 4.1.3. Error Code Display (Function 03) 4-2 ........................... 4.1.4. Service Monitor Report (Function 04) 4-2 ..................... 4.1.5. Protocol Dump (Function 05) 4-3 .................................. 4.1.6. RAM Display/Rewrite (Function 06) 4-3 ....................... 4.1.7. RAM Dump (Function 06) 4-4 ....................................... 4.1.8. Counter Display/Rewrite (Function 07) 4-5 ................... 4.1.9. NCU Parameters (Function 08) 4-5 .............................. 4.1.10. Modem Test (Function 08) 4-6 ................................... 4.1.11. DTMF Tone Test (Function 08) 4-7 ............................ 4.1.12. Modem Detection Test (Function 08) 4-7 ................... 4.1.13. Operation Panel Test (Function 09) 4-8 ..................... 4.1.14. LED Array Test (Function 10) 4-8 ............................... 4.1.15. ADF Test (Function 10) 4-9 ........................................ 4.1.16. Book Mode Scanner Test (Function 10) 4-9 ............... 4.1.17. Image Sensor Signal Check/Sampling Clock Reset ... 4.1.18. Printer Test Patterns (Function 11) 4-11 .................... 4.1.19. Printer Mechanism Test - Free Run (Function 11) ..... 4.1.20. RAM Tests (Function 12) 4-12 .................................... 4.1.21. Software Download (Function 12) 4-13 ...................... 4.1.22. Software Upload (Function 12) 4-14 ........................... 4.1.23. SRAM Data Download (Function 12) 4-15 ................. 4.1.24. Serial Number (Function 14) 4-16 .............................. 4.1.25. Service Station Fax Number (Function 13) 4-16 ........ 4.2.1. System Switches 4-17 .................................................. 4.2.2. Scanner Switches 4-26 ................................................ 4.2.3. Printer Switches 4-27 .................................................... 4.2.4. Communication Switches 4-30 ..................................... 4.2.5. G3 Switches 4-35 .........................................................
3-1 3-1 3-2 3-2 4-1 4-1
4-1 4-2 4-2 4-2 4-3 4-3 4-4 4-5 4-5 4-6 4-7 4-7 4-8 4-8 4-9 4-9 4-10 4-11 4-11 4-12 4-13 4-14 4-15 4-16 4-16 4-17 4-26 4-27 4-30 4-35
4.2. BIT SWITCHES 4-17 ............................................... 4-17
4.3. NCU PARAMETERS 4-40 ...................................... 4-40 4.4. DEDICATED TRANSMISSION PARAMETERS ...... 4-62
4.4.1. Programming Procedure 4-62 ...................................... 4-62 4.4.2. Parameters 4-63 ........................................................... 4-63
4.5. SERVICE RAM ADDRESSES 4-65 ......................... 4-65
7.5. ERROR CODES 7-28 .............................................. 7-28 7.6. ELECTRICAL COMPONENT DEFECTS 7-35 ........ 7-35
7.6.1. Defective Sensor Table 7-35 ........................................ 7-35 7.6.2. Blown Fuse Table 7-36 ................................................. 7-36
OTHERS ......................................................................... Point-to-Point Diagram .....................................................
?
+WARNING FOR LASER UNIT
THIS MACHINE CONTAINS A LASER BEAM GENERATOR. LASER BEAMS CAN CAUSE PERMANENT EYE DAMAGE. DO NOT OPEN THE LASER UNIT OR LOOK ALONG THE LASER BEAM PATH WHILE THE MAIN POWER IS ON. CAUTION MARKINGS:
H523C501.wmf
Lithium Batteries (Memory Back-up)
+CAUTION
The danger of explosion exists if a battery of this type is incorrectly replaced. Replace only with the same or an equivalent type recommended by the manufacturer. Discard used batteries in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions.
Trademarks Microsoft, Windows, and MS-DOS are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation. PCL and LaserJet are registered trademarks of Hewlett-Packard Company. DPOS®, EET®, Destiny® are registered trade mark of Destiny Technology Corporation. OfficeStylerTM is trademark of Destiny Technology Corporation.
General Notice: Other product names used herein are for identification purpose only and may be trademarks of their respective companies. We disclaim any and all rights in those marks.
June 10th, 1997
OVERALL MACHINE INFORMATION SPECIFICATIONS
1.1. SPECIFICATIONS
Type Desktop transceiver Circuit PSTN, PABX Connection Direct couple Book Scanner Document Size: Smaller than USA: 216 x 279.4mm [8.5 x 11 ins] Europe/Asia: 210 x 297mm [8.3 x 11.7 ins] Thickness: Less than 25 mm Weight: Less than 5 kg ADF Document Size Length: 105 - 355.6 mm [4.1 - 14 ins] Up to 1200 mm [47.2 ins], manually assisted Width: 148 - 216 mm [5.8 - 8.5 ins] Thickness: 0.05 to 0.2 mm [2 to 8 mils] (equivalent to 50 - 90 g/m2) Document Feed Automatic feed, face up ADF Capacity USA: LT 30 sheets (using 20 lb. paper) LG 15 sheets (using 20 lb. paper) Europe/Asia: 30 sheets (using 80 g/m2) Scanning Method Contact image sensor, with xenon lamp Maximum Scan Width Book Scanner USA: 216 mm [8.5 ins] ± 0.25% Europe/Asia: 210 mm [8.3 ins] ± 0.25% ADF 216 mm [8.5 ins] ± 0.25%
Scan Resolution Fax mode Standard: 200 x 100 dpi Detail: 200 x 200 dpi Fine: 200 x 400 dpi Copy mode: 400 x 400 dpi Memory Capacity ECM: 64 or 128 kB; single or double buffer SAF: Standard: 240 kB: 19 pages / ITU-T #1 With 1MB option: 102 pages With 2MB option: 189 pages With 4MB option: 350 pages Protocol Group 3 with ECM Compression MH, MR, EFC, MMR, SSC (MMR only with ECM) Storage to SAF memory for tx: MMR and/or raw data Modulation V17(TCM),V.29 (QAM), V.27ter (PHM), V.21 (FM) Data Rate (bps) 14400/9600/7200/4800/2400, Automatic fallback I/O Rate With ECM: 0 ms/line Without ECM: 2.5, 5, 10, 20, or 40 ms/line Transmission Time 6 s at 14400 bps; Measured with G3 ECM using memory for a ITU-T #1 test document (Slerexe letter) using standard resolution Printing System Laser printing, plain paper, dry toner Printing Time 10 cpm for Letter size paper
1-1
Overall Machine Information
1. OVERALL MACHINE INFORMATION
OVERALL MACHINE INFORMATION SPECIFICATIONS
June 10th, 1997
Paper Size Standard Cassette: USA: Letter Europe/Asia: A4 Optional Cassette: Paper size actuator Half-letter, Letter, Legal, A4, A5,F4 Operator input Width: 100 to 192 mm Length: 148 to 266.7mm Paper Capacity Standard Cassette: - 150 sheets Multi feeder: - 100 sheets Bypass Feeder: - 1 page Maximum Printing Width USA: 216 mm [8.5 ins] Europe/Asia: 210 mm [8.3 ins] Printer Resolution Fax/Copy Mode: 400 x 400 dpi Printer Mode: 300 x 300 dpi (Pseudo 600 x 600 dpi with smoothing ) Power Supply USA:115 ± 20 Vac, 60 ± 1 Hz Europe/Asia: 187 to 276 Vac , 50 ± 3 Hz/60 ± 3 Hz Power Consumption Standby: 25 W (USA) 29W (Europe and Asia) Transmitting: 42 W Receiving: 280 W Copying: Normal 370 W, Maximum 770 W Operating Environment Temperature: 17 - 28 °C [63 - 82 °F] Humidity: 40 - 70 %Rh Dimensions (W x D x H) 505 x 439 x 251 mm [19.9 x 17.3 x 9.9 ins] Excluding handset, trays, and optional units Weight 17 kg [37.5 lb.] Excluding CTM,handset, trays, and optional units
1-2
June 10th, 1997
OVERALL MACHINE INFORMATION FEATURES Communication Features User Selectable Answering machine interface Authorized Reception Auto-answer delay time Auto dialing (pulse or DTMF) Auto Document Auto image density selection Automatic Voice Message Batch Transmission Broadcasting Chain Dialing Communication Result Display Confidential ID Override Confidential Transmission Direct Fax Number Entry Economy Transmission Fax on demand Forwarding Free Polling Groups (3 groups) Group Transfer Station Hold ID Transmission Immediate Redialing Immediate transmission Keystroke Programs Length Reduction Memory transmission Multi-step Transfer Next Transfer Station OMR On Hook Dial (ASIA only) Ordering Toner Page Count Personal Codes Personal Codes with Conf. ID Polling Reception Polling Transmission Polling tx file lifetime in the SAF Quick Dial (10 stations) Reception modes (Fax, Tel, Auto) Remote control features Remote Transfer Restricted Access Secured Polling Secured Polling with Stored ID Override
KEY: O = Used, X = Not Used A = With optional cassette only B = With optional memory 1M/2M/4M only C = With optional handset only D = With RS422 interface board only (only available in the U.S.) Equipment ADF Book scanner Built-in handset Bypass feed: 1 sheet Optional cassette Cabinet Counter Cutter Handset Hard disk Manual feed mechanism Marker (Stamp) Monitor speaker Optional Memory Optional RS422 interface Parallel Interface Video Processing Features Contrast Auto image density control Halftone (Basic & Error Diffusion) MTF Reduction (Fax) Resolution Smoothing to 16 x 15.4 l/mm (Fax)
O O X O A X X X C X X X X B D O
O O O O X O O
Communication Features - Auto Automatic fallback O Automatic redialing O Confidential reception X Dual Access O Substitute reception O Communication Features User Selectable Action as a transfer broadcaster AI Redial (last ten numbers)
X X
O X X O X O X X O O X X X O X X X X O X X X O O X O O X X X O X X X X O X X O O X X X X X
1-3
Overall Machine Information
1.2. FEATURES
OVERALL MACHINE INFORMATION FEATURES
June 10th, 1997
Communication Features User Selectable Send Later Silent ringing detection Specified Image Area Speed Dial (50 stations) Super Fine Resolution (16 x15.4 l/mm : 400 x 400 dpi) Telephone Directory Tonal Signal Transmission Transfer Request Transmission Deadline (TRD) Turnaround Polling Two-step Transfer Two in one Voice Request (immed. tx only) Communication Features Service Selectable AI Short Protocol Auto-reduction override option Busy tone detection Closed Network (tx and rx) Continuous Polling Reception Dedicated tx parameters ECM EFC Inch-mm conversion Page retransmission Page separation mark Protection against wrong conn. Resol'n step-down override option Short Preamble Well log Copier Features Auto Image Density Auto Paper Select Center marks Distribution number printing Erase center/border Reduction/Enlargement Other User Features Area Code Prefix Auto Service Call
O X X O X X O X X X X X X
O O O X X O O O O O O O X X O
O X X X O O
X O
Other User Features Center mark Checkered mark Clearing a memory file Clearing a polling file Clock Confidential ID Copy mode Copy Mode Restriction Counters Daylight Saving Time Destination Check Direct entry of names File Retention Time File Retransmission Function Programs ID Code Label Insertion ("From xxx") Language Selection Memory Lock Memory Lock ID Modifying a memory file Multi Sort Document Reception Multicopy mode (up to 99) Own telephone number PC scanner PC FAX PC Print Power Saver (Night Timer and standby mode) Print density control Printing a memory file RDS on/off Reception Mode Switching Timer Reception time printing Remaining memory indicator Remote ID Reverse Order Printing RTI, TTI, CSI Service Report Transmission Speaker volume control Specified Cassette Selection Substitute reception on/off Telephone line type Toner saving mode TTI on/off User Function Keys
X X O X O X O X O O X O X X X X X O X X X X O O O O O O O O O X X O X X O O X X O O O O X
1-4
June 10th, 1997
OVERALL MACHINE INFORMATION FEATURES Service Mode Features Country code DTMF tone test Echo countermeasure Effective term of service calls Error code display Excessive jam alarm File Transfer (all files) Hex Dump List LCD contrast adjustment Line error mark Memory file printout (all files) Modem test NCU parameters Operation panel test Periodic service call PM Call Printer mechanism test Printer test patterns Programmable attenuation Protocol dump list RAM display/rewrite RAM dump RAM test Ringer test Scanner lamp test Scanner mechanism test Sensor initialization Serial number Service monitor report Service station number Software upload/download SRAM data download System parameter list Technical data on the Journal Thermal head parameters User data transfer
O X
Reports - Automatic Charge Control Report Communication Failure Report Communication Result Report (Including Polling Result Report) Confidential File Report Error Report File Clear Report (Including polling Clear Report) File Reserve Report (Excluding Polling Reserve Report) Journal Power Failure Report Toner Cassette Order Form Transfer Result Report Transmission Result Report Reports - User-initiated Authorized Reception List Charge Control Report File List Forwarding List Group List Journal Personal Code List Printer Status Sheet Program List Quick Dial List Specified Cassette Selection List Speed Dial List Transmission Status Report User Function List User Parameter List Service Mode Features Auto Paper Select Test Back-to-back test Bit switch programming Book Test Buzzer test Cable equalizer Comm. parameter display Counter check
X O O X O X O O O X X O
X X O X O O X O X O X O X X O
O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O X O O O O X O O X O O O O O O O X O
X O O O O O O O
Memory Files Max. number of files: 100 Max. number of stations/file: 100 Max. number of stations overall: 200 Max. number of pages overall: 128 (200/350)
1-5
Overall Machine Information
Other User Features User Parameters Wild Cards
OVERALL MACHINE INFORMATION COMPONENT LAYOUT
June 10th, 1997
1.3. COMPONENT LAYOUT
1.3.1. Mechanical Components
3 2 1 23 22 21 20 19 18
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
17 16 15 14 13 12
H523V501.wmf
No.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Scanner
Name
R2 Roller R1 Roller Separation roller Document Feed Roller Pick-up Roller Drum CTM (Cleaning Toner Magazine) Platen Cover Exposure Glass Laser Unit
Description
Contains a contact image sensor and a xenon lamp driver. Feeds the document out of the scanner. Feeds the document through the scanner. Prevents more than one sheet from feeding into the scanner. Feeds the document into the scanner. Picks up pages of the document from the document table one at a time. The latent image is written to this Organic Photoconductor Drum. This consists of the toner cartridge, cleaning unit, used toner tank, charge corona unit, and quenching lamp. This covers the original which was placed on the exposure glass. Book scanner reads the original on it. This consists of the LDDR (Laser Diode Driver), Focusing lens, F Lenses, Hexagonal mirror motor, and other laser optic components.
1-6
June 10th, 1997
OVERALL MACHINE INFORMATION COMPONENT LAYOUT
12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23
Paper Feed Rollers Toner Supply Bar Toner Application Roller Paper Feed Pressure Rollers Registration Roller Development Roller Transfer Roller Fusing Pressure Roller Hot Roller Hot Roller Strippers Paper Feed-out Rollers Cleaning Pad
These pick up the top sheet of paper from the stack in the cassette and feed it into the printer. This stirs up and transfers toner to the toner application roller. This roller transfers toner to the development roller. These feed paper from the cassette or bypass feed slot into the printer. This carries out the registration process. This roller applies toner to the latent image on the drum. This applies a charge to the paper to pull the toner off the drum and onto the copy paper. This applies pressure to the paper during fusing. Heat from this roller fuses the toner to the copy paper. These take the paper off the hot roller after fusing. These feed the paper out of the printer. This cleans up and spreads silicone oil on the surface of the hot roller.
1-7
Overall Machine Information
No.
Name
Description
OVERALL MACHINE INFORMATION COMPONENT LAYOUT
June 10th, 1997
1.3.2. Electrical Components
14 12 13 15 16 17 1 2 3
4
11 10 9 8 7 6 5
H523V502.wmf
31 30 29 28 32 18 19 20 21
27
26 22 25 24 23
H523V503.wmf
1-8
June 10th, 1997
OVERALL MACHINE INFORMATION COMPONENT LAYOUT
No. 3 4 5 6
Name FCU (Facsimile Control Unit) PSU (Power Supply Unit) NCU (Network Control Unit) Power Pack Contact Image Sensor and Xenon Lamp
18
20 25
LDDR (Laser Diode Driver) OPU (Operation Panel Unit)
Description This board controls the machine. It contains the main cpu, flash ROM, system RAM, and so on. This board supplies power to the machine, and switches the fusing lamp on/off. This board contains a relay and switches for interfacing the machine to the network and the handset. This supplies high voltages to the corona wire, transfer roller, and development bias terminal. This sensor reads and converts the light reflected from the document into an analog video signal. It uses an RMLA (Roof Mirror Lens Array) sensor unit. The xenon lamp which illuminates the document is contained in this unit. This board drives the laser diode. This board controls the operation panel.
2. Motors and Clutches
No. 1 2 8 23 24 28 Name Ozone Fan Motor Paper Feed Motor Main Motor Polygon Mirror Motor Scanner Motor ADF Motor Description This removes ozone-laden air from the vicinity of the drum, and filters out the ozone. This stepper motor drives the registration roller and the paper feed mechanisms in the cassette. This brushless dc motor drives the drum, fusing unit, development unit, and CTM. This high-speed dc motor drives the hexagonal mirror in the laser printer optics. This stepper motor drives the book scanner. This stepper motor drives the scanner.
1-9
Overall Machine Information
1. PCBs
OVERALL MACHINE INFORMATION COMPONENT LAYOUT
June 10th, 1997
3. Sensors
No. 7 9 10 11 21 22 26 27 29 30 31 32 Name Toner End Sensor Registration Sensor Paper Exit Cover Switch Paper Feed-out Sensor Paper End Sensor Cassette Sensor Bypass Feed Sensor Scanner Home Position Sensor Document Sensor Scan Line Sensor ADF Switch Platen Cover Sensor Description This detects when the toner has run out. This detects when the paper has reached the registration roller. This detects when the paper feed-out cover is open or closed. This detects when the paper has been fed out of the printer. This detects when the paper in the cassette has run out. This detects whether the cassette is open or closed. This detects when a sheet of paper has been inserted into the bypass feed slot. This detects when the image sensor is at the home position. This detects the presence of a document in the feeder. This detects when a page is approaching the auto shading position. This detects whether the ADF unit is open or closed. This detects whether the platen cover is open or closed.
4. Interlock Switches
No. 16 17 Name Fusing Unit Cover Interlock Switches Description If the fusing unit cover is open, these interlock switches interrupt the +5VLD power supply for the laser diode and the +24VD power supply for the power pack, motors, and other components.
5. Others
No. 12 13 14 15 19 Lamp Stabilizer Name Zener Diode Fusing Lamp Thermistor Thermostat Description This ensures that the charge given to the drum by the charge corona wire does not exceed -750 volts. This fuses the toner to the paper. This monitors the temperature inside the fusing unit. This interrupts the ac power supply to the fusing lamp if the temperature of the thermostat surface exceeds 400°C. This supplies power to the xenon lamp.
1-10
June 10th, 1997
OVERALL MACHINE INFORMATION COMPONENT LAYOUT
1
2
3
4 5
H523V504.wmf
No. 1 2 3 4 5
Name Paper Feed Clutch Paper Width Sensor Paper End Sensor Paper Feed Roller Paper Size Sensor
Description This transfers motor drive to the mechanisms of the optional cassette. This detects the paper width installed in the optional cassette. This detects when paper in the optional cassette has run out. This feeds paper from the optional cassette into the machine. This detects the paper size installed in the optional cassette.
1-11
Overall Machine Information
6. Optional Cassette
OVERALL MACHINE INFORMATION OVERALL MACHINE CONTROL
June 10th, 1997
1.4. OVERALL MACHINE CONTROL
PC
Bi-Centronics (Parallel)
FCU
D6002
Z85230
D9001LF
Data Control
Printer
Mac Localtalk (Serial)
Optional RS422 Board
DRAM
EXC1
SYSTEM BUS
FCIP2
Scanner
DRAM
SRAM
Flash ROM
Data & Control
AFE
Modem
NCU
Operation Panel
H523V505.wmf
The FCIP2 on the FCU board controls the entire system. The FCU has some ICs, a bi-directional parallel interface, and an optional serial interface board. Using these interfaces, the machine can communicate with a PC and work as a multi-function machine as a PC printer, PC scanner, and PC fax. In every case of printing, scanning, or faxing from Windows running on a PC, the control commands sent from the PC are received by the D6002, and forwarded to the FCIP2. In accordance with the firmware, the FCIP2 processes the commands and controls the proper components related to the job. It controls the D6002 and D9001LF when printing, the scanner components when scanning, and the modem when faxing. For jobs from a Macintosh, the commands are received by the Z85230 IC on the optional interface board and forwarded to the D6002. After that, the control procedure is the same as for jobs from a PC. (RS422 option is available only in the U.S.)
1-12
June 10th, 1997
OVERALL MACHINE INFORMATION VIDEO DATA PATH
1.5.1. Transmission
Original
Contact Image Sensor Assembly
Image Sensor
Xenon Lamp
FCU
Amplifier Video Processing Memory DIP FCIP2 DCR MDM Amplifier
DATA/ADDRESS BUS
Attenuator
DRAM
Line Buffer /FIFO Memory ECM/SAF Memory
HIC
DIP: Digital Image Processor DCR: Data Compression and Reduction MDM: Modem
NCU
To the network
H523V506.wmf
Immediate Transmission: Scanned data form the contact image sensor passes to the DIP block in the FCIP2. After analog/digital video processing, the DCR block compresses the data for transmission. The compressed data then passes either to the FIFO memory or to the ECM memory, before it is sent to the telephone line through the modem. Memory Transmission: First, the scanned data is stored in the SAF memory after compression in the DCR block. At the time for transmission, the DCR block decompresses the data from the SAF memory, then compresses it again after handshaking with the other terminal is done. The compressed data then passes either to the FIFO memory or to the ECM memory, before it is sent to the telephone line through the modem.
1-13
Overall Machine Information
1.5. VIDEO DATA PATH
OVERALL MACHINE INFORMATION VIDEO DATA PATH
June 10th, 1997
1.5.2. Reception
From the Network
NCU
MDM: Modem DCR: Data Compression and Reduction LIF: Laser Interface
HIC
FCU
Amplifier
MDM
FCIP2
DCR LIF
Data/ Address Bus
LDDR
Line Buffer /FIFO Memory
ECM/SAF Memory
Page Memory
Page Memory IC Card
DRAM
Copy Paper
H523V507.wmf
Data from the line passes to the modem through the NCU and hybrid IC. After the modem demodulates the data, the data passes to the DCR block, through either the FIFO or the ECM memory, where the data is decompressed to raster image data. At the same time, the compressed data passes to the SAF memory as a backup in case of mechanical problems during printing (Europe and Asia models only). The raster image data is then passed to the page memory for printing. After a page of data has been stored in the page memory, the data is sent to the LDDR through the LIF block. The optional IC card could be used as a page memory.
1-14
June 10th, 1997
OVERALL MACHINE INFORMATION VIDEO DATA PATH
Original
Contact Image Sensor Assembly Image Sensor Xenon Lamp
Amplifier
FCU
Video Processing Memory
DIP FCIP2 DCR LIF
DATA/ADDRESS BUS
Line Buffer /FIFO Memory
ECM/SAF Memory DRAM
Page Memory
Page Memory IC Card LDDR
DIP: Digital Image Processor DCR: Data Compression and Reduction LIF: Laser Interface
Copy Paper
H523V508.wmf
The scanned data passes to the page memory after video processing in the DIP block. After a page of data has been stored in the page memory, the data is sent to the LDDR through the LIF block. Reduction/Enlargement Ratios The following reproduction ratios are available:
Reduction US Europe/Asia Enlargement US Europe/Asia 50% Yes Yes 115% No Yes 65% Yes No 121% Yes No 71% No Yes 122% No Yes 74% Yes No 129% Yes No 77% Yes No 141% No Yes 82% No Yes 155% Yes No 87% No Yes 200% Yes Yes 93% Yes Yes
1-15
Overall Machine Information
1.5.3. Copying
OVERALL MACHINE INFORMATION VIDEO DATA PATH
June 10th, 1997
Reduction and Enlargement Sub-scan: The machine changes the scanner motor speed. Main-scan: The machine deletes certain specified bits from each line to reduce the image. The machine changes the laser clock pulse for each pixel to enlarge the image. During reduction and enlargement, the scanning positions of ADF and book scanner are different as shown. This is because the document set position for ADF is at the center of the scan line, while the book scanner is from the indicated corner. ADF
50%
200%
H523v509.wmf
Book Scanner
50%
200%
H523v510.wmf
1-16
June 10th, 1997
OVERALL MACHINE INFORMATION VIDEO DATA PATH
PC
Data
D6002
Data
D9001LF
Data
Printer Components
DRAM
FCU
H523V511.wmf
This machine works as a GDI printer when connected to a PC through the parallel cable. GDI printer is a printer which has a built-in support for Windows Graphical Device Interface (GDI), a Windows standard for representing graphical objects to monitors and printers. Since GDI is used by most Windows applications, there is no need to convert the output to another format such as PostScript or PCL. When printing from the PC, the the video data is compressed by the printer driver (Office Styler) and then sent to the D6002 IC through the parallel interface. The DRAM works as an input / output buffer and sends reconstructed data to the D9001LF where smoothing and toner saving are done. The data is then sent to the LDDR for printing. Since the D6002 IC works as an I/O buffer, the page memory is not used for PC printing.
1-17
Overall Machine Information
1.5.4. PC Printing
OVERALL MACHINE INFORMATION VIDEO DATA PATH
June 10th, 1997
1.5.5. PC Scanning
PC
D6002 DCR
FCIP2 Scanner DIP
Data/Address Bus
FCU
ECM Memory
H523v512.wmf
The scanned data passes through the DIP block in the FCIP2 for analog/digital processing. The data is compressed in the DCR block in the FCIP2 and passes through the ECM memory. Then it is sent to the PC through the D6002 without any processing. The data is reconstructed in the driver in the PC (the image processing is done in the same way as for fax scanning).
1-18
June 10th, 1997
OVERALL MACHINE INFORMATION VIDEO DATA PATH
When transmitting data from a PC, the PC fax software produces the AT commands and sends them to the specified COM port of the PC. The software redirects them to the specified parallel port. Then the commands and data are sent from the parallel port to the machine. The D6002 receives them, and the commands are sent to the FCIP2. The FCIP2 controls the modem in accordance with the AT command sent from the PC, and the data is sent through the modem and the NCU. When receiving data, the data is stored in the ECM buffer in the same way as for the memory reception mode. The data is then sent to the PC via the D6002.
PC
D6002
FCIP2
Modem
Data/Address Bus
Amplifier
FCU
ECM Memory
HIC
NCU
To the network
H523v514.wmf
PC Fax Transmission The PC data is compressed by the application software being used. The data passes to the ECM memory through the D6002 without any processing. Then it is sent to the telephone line through the modem and the NCU.
PC Fax Reception The data from the line passes to the modem through the NCU. The data demodulated in the modem passes to the D6002 through the ECM memory. The data is reconstructed by the application software being used.
1-19
Overall Machine Information
1.5.6. PC Fax
OVERALL MACHINE INFORMATION POWER DISTRIBUTION
June 10th, 1997
1.6. POWER DISTRIBUTION
1.6.1. Distribution Diagram
IC Card Optional Cassette Optional RS422C I/F Main Motor Polygon Motor
+24VM +5V
+24VD
+5VP +5V +5VD
+5V
+24VM
FCU
+24VD AC Main Power +24PP
Paper Feed Motor Ozone Fan Power Pack Thermistor Sensors Operation Panel Book Scanner ADF Toner End Sensor
+5VT -5V -5VCIS +5V +5V +5V
AC Switching Circuit
Main Switch
PSU
+24V
DC-DC Converter +5V
DC-DC Converter
DC-DC Converter
+24VM +5V +24VM +5V
Fusing Lamp ON/OFF Switching Circuit
24VIN
+5VVL 24VM 24VD +5V +5VLD
+24V
AC115V or 230V
+5VLD
+24V
Fusing Lamp
LDDR
NCU
Xenon Lamp
+24VD
Interlock Switch
+5VVL -5VCSI +24VD Image Sensor
H523V515.wmf
The PSU supplies +24V dc power to the FCU. The FCU converts the +24V dc power supply to the following supplies.
+5V +24VPP +5VT +5VLD +5VVL +5VD This is normally on when the main switch is on. This is used for the power pack. This is used for the thermistor. This supplies the laser diode. It is interrupted if the fusing unit cover interlock switch opens. This is a more stable power supply than +5V. It is used for the image sensor. This supplies the DRAM and the page memory card on the FCU to back up the stored data for one hour, if the power is switched off and some data is stored in them. A rechargeable lithium battery is used to generate +5VD. This supplies the system RAM on the FCU to back up the programmed data, if the power is switched off. A lithium battery is used to generate +5VBAT. (Europe and Asia only) This is normally on when the main switch is on. This is interrupted if the fusing unit cover interlock switch opens. This supplies +24V to the fusing unit on/off switching circuit. It is interrupted if the fusing unit cover interlock switch opens. This is used for the motors.(ADF, Book Scanner, Paper Feed) This is used for the image sensor. This is used for the IC card.
+5VBAT +24V +24VD +24VIN +24VM -5VCIS +5VP
1-20
June 10th, 1997
OVERALL MACHINE INFORMATION POWER DISTRIBUTION
FCU
+5V
IC Card
POWERS
1VDET
Switching Circuit
+5VBAT
5RTCCS
FCIP2
1SAFFG
+ -
System RAM
DRAM
[A]
+5VD +5VD
+5V
+5VBAT
DC/DC Converter [IC15]
+5V
Q8
[B]
H523V513.wmf
The +5VBAT supply from the lithium battery [A] backs up the system RAM which contains system parameters and programmed telephone numbers, and the real time clock in the cpu. The 5RTCCS signal tells the cpu whether the back-up power (+5VBAT) is coming from the battery or from the +5V power supply. A rechargeable lithium battery [B](available only for Europe/Asia) and the dc/dc converter on the FCU back up the DRAM (SAF memory) for one hour, if there is data in the SAF memory and the power is switched off. While the main power is on, the +5V supply recharges the battery. The battery recharges in about one week. The battery [B] generates about 3 volts (max. 3.2 volts). The dc/dc converter (IC12) lifts this voltage to 5 volts so it can be used as the +5VD supply for SAF backup. The CPU monitors the voltage of the +5VD supply with the 1VDET signal. When the battery has run down, and the voltage is lower than 4.4 volts, the CPU stops the dc/dc converter by dropping 1SAFFG to low and the machine stops backing up the memory. There is no battery switch for the battery [B].
1-21
Overall Machine Information
1.6.2. Memory Back-up Circuit
June 10th, 1997
DETAILED SECTION DESCRIPTIONS SCANNER
2. DETAILED SECTION DESCRIPTIONS
2.1. SCANNER
2.1.1. Overview 1. Book Scanner
[B] [E] [I] Detailed Section Descriptions
H523D501.wmf
[D]
[C] [F]
[A]
The scanner motor [A] drives the scanner [B] through the timing belt [C] and drive wire [D]. The shaft [E] guides scanner movement in the sub-scan direction. Inside the scanner [B] are a contact image sensor (containing a sensor element and xenon lamp) and a xenon lamp driver. The scanner [B] consists of a contact image sensor and a xenon lamp driver. The scanner home position sensor [F] allows the scanner return to the same position after scanning. This machine has no original sensors. The scan size can be set to A4 or letter by the system bit switch 0D, bit 3.
2-1
DETAILED SECTION DESCRIPTIONS SCANNER
June 10th, 1997
2. ADF
[D] [E] [C] [A]
[B]
H523D502.wmf
The sheet through type ADF feeds the document from the bottom page of the document stack on the table. The pick-up [A] and feed roller [B] feed the original into the scanner, and the separation roller [C] helps to feed one sheet at a time. Then, the R1 roller [D], feeds the document through the scanner. At the time of scanning, the scanner moves to the scanning position. The pressure plate [E] pushes the document to the exposure glass at the scan line, so that the document is within the image sensor's range of focus. After scanning, the ADF feeds out the document onto the tray, and the scanner moves back to the home position.
2-2
June 10th, 1997
DETAILED SECTION DESCRIPTIONS SCANNER
2.1.2. Scanning 1. Contact Image Sensor
[A] [B] [F]
[E]
[D]
[C]
H523D503.wmf
The contact image sensor (CIS) assembly [A] consists of a dust shield [B], a roof mirror lens array [C], a xenon lamp [D], and an image sensor [E]. The CIS moves under the exposure glass when scanning a book original. When scanning a sheet original using the ADF, the assembly remains at the ADF scan line . The image sensor is a row of 3456 photosensitive elements (400 dpi). The roof mirror lens array focuses the light reflected from the document onto the image sensor. Because of the short optical path inside the CIS, the focal depth is much shorter than for a CCD type scanner. Because of this, two springs at each end of the CIS push it against the exposure glass [F], so that the distance from the original is kept the same all the time. Because the analog output signal is a sawtooth waveform, data sampling timing should be adjusted whenever a new CIS is installed in the machine.
2-3
Detailed Section Descriptions
DETAILED SECTION DESCRIPTIONS SCANNER
June 10th, 1997
2.1.3. Drive Mechanism 1. Book Scanner
[B]
[D]
[E] [G]
[C] [F] [A]
H523D504.wmf
The book scanner motor [A] drives the scanner [B] through the timing belt [C] and drive wire [D]. The scanner moves along the guide shaft [E]. The spring [F] pushes up the contact image sensor [G] to the exposure glass, so that the distance from the image sensor to the exposure glass surface is constant during scanning. The motor speed depends on the selected resolution. For reference, the following table shows the speed for scanning an A4 size original.
· Fax mode Standard Detail Fine · Copy Mode Reduction 50 % reduction 65 % reduction 71 % reduction 74 % reduction 77 % reduction 82 % reduction 93 % reduction Scan Speed (/A4) 2.24 s 2.92 s 3.18 s 3.32 s 3.45 s 3.68 s 4.17 s Full Size and Enlargement Full size 115 % 121 % 122 % 141 % 155 % 200 % Scan speed (/A4) 4.48 s 5.15 s 5.42 s 5.47 s 6.32 s 6.72 s 8.96 s 4.48 s 4.48 s 8.96 s
·
PC Scanner Mode
200 dpi 400 dpi 4.48 s 4.48 s
2-4
June 10th, 1997
DETAILED SECTION DESCRIPTIONS SCANNER
2. ADF
[F] [B]
[E] Detailed Section Descriptions
H523D510.wmf
[D]
[C]
[A]
The ADF motor [A] drives the seperation roller [B], the pick-up roller [C], the feed roller [D], the R1 roller [E], and the R2 roller [F]. The motor speed varies in the same way that the book scanner motor does (see the previous page).
Cross reference Maximum document length: Scanner Switch 00, bits 2 and 3.
2-5
DETAILED SECTION DESCRIPTIONS SCANNER
June 10th, 1997
3. Scanner Position Adjustment
Black Sheet
White Shading Sheet Exposure Glass
[A]
[B]
[C]
[D]
[E]
[F]
H523D508.wmf
When the machine is turned on, the machine detects scanner home position.(scanner initialization) During scanner initialization, the scanner moves to the right until the home position sensor turns off. Then it changes the direction until the home position sensor turns back on. At the start of scanning, the scanner moves from the scanner home position ([E] in the above figure), to the position [B] to scan the black sheet to adjust the black level. At that time, the xenon lamp is turned on. Then the scanner moves to the positions [C] to [D] to adjust shading.
· Book Scanner
After shading, the scanner moves to the scanning start position (position F) to start scanning. Shading is done before scanning each page.
· ADF
After shading, the scanner moves to the ADF scanning position (position [A]) and stays while the document is fed through the ADF. Shading is done only once before scanning.
2-6
June 10th, 1997
DETAILED SECTION DESCRIPTIONS SCANNER
2.1.4. Pick-up (ADF)
[B] [A] [B]
H523D511.wmf H523D513.wmf
[A]
When the machine is turned on, the the pick-up roller [A] rotates counterclockwise as shown. It then rotates clockwise until it reaches the stopper [B]. Then again counter-clockwise to the home position. When the machine starts to feed the document, the pick-up roller feeds the bottom page to the feed roller. After the last page is scanned, the machine moves the pick-up roller back to the home position. 2.1.5. Feed and Separation (ADF)
H523D512.wmf
The feed roller [A] and the separation roller [B] prevent more than one sheet of paper from feeding into the scanner. When the feed roller feeds a sheet of paper, both the feed and the separation rollers rotate in the feed-in direction. However, if two or more sheets are between these rollers, the separation roller stops to prevent the upper sheet from being fed into the scanner.
Cross reference Separation mechanism: Group 3 Facsimile Manual, page 2-2-14.
2-7
Detailed Section Descriptions
DETAILED SECTION DESCRIPTIONS SCANNER
June 10th, 1997
2.1.6. Error Conditions 1. Book Scanner The FCIP2 detects an error if one of the following conditions occurs. Condition Description
The scanner home position sensor did not turn on after the motor moved 350 mm back to the home position after scanning. The scanner home position sensor stayed on after the motor moved 20 mm from the home position at the start of scanning. During initialization, the scanner home position sensor did not turn on after the motor moved 100 mm. During initialization, the scanner home position sensor stayed on after the motor moved 100 mm.
Error Code
9-90
Incorrect home position sensor condition
9-91
9-92 9-93
2. ADF The main cpu detects an error if one of the following conditions occurs. Jam Condition
Non-feed Incorrect sensor conditions
Description
The scan line sensor does not switch on within 2.0 s of the ADF motor starting. The scanner home position sensor did not turn on after the motor moved 100 mm back to the home position after scanning using ADF. The scan line sensor does not turn off after the maximum document length has been fed since it turned on; this is after 23 s at standard and detail resolution, or 46 s at fine resolution (these times are for a 1.2 m long document). When the final page of the document has been fed out of the scanner, or when a jammed document has been removed, the ADF initialization is done. The error occurs if a document is placed into the feeder during initialization. While the machine is working, the ADF cover are opened.
Error Code
1-00 9-94
Maximum document length exceeded
1-01
Error during feed-out
No error code
Cover open
No error code
2-8
June 10th, 1997
DETAILED SECTION DESCRIPTIONS PRINTING
2.2. PRINTING
2.2.1. Printing Process - Overview
H523D521.wmf
This machine uses a "write to black" system, using negative toner. · The charge corona wire gives the drum surface a negative charge of -750 V. · The exposed area on the drum drops to about -100 V. · The development roller carries toner to the latent image on the drum surface. Development bias (during printing): Toner application roller : -700 V Development roller: -400 V Switching bias: Toner application roller : -50 V Development roller: +250 V · The transfer roller pulls the toner from the drum onto the paper. A constant current of +4 µA is applied. The antistatic brush helps to separate the paper from the drum. · The cleaning blade removes any toner remaining on the drum after the image is transferred to the paper. · The quenching lamp reduces the negative charge on the drum to about -50 V.
2-9
Detailed Section Descriptions
DETAILED SECTION DESCRIPTIONS PRINTING
June 10th, 1997
2.2.2. OPC Drum
[A] [B] [E] [D] [C]
H523D522.wmf
An organic photoconductor drum [A] is used in this machine. The diameter of the drum is 30 mm. It is driven by the main motor [B] through a gear train. The toner application roller [C], development roller [D], and transfer roller [E] are also driven by the same gear train. The drum unit is replaceable by the customer. 2.2.3. Charge
[C]
[E]
[A] [D]
[B]
H523D523.wmf
The CTM contains a charge corona unit. The corona wire [A] generates -ve ions when the power pack [B] applies a constant current of -305 ± 5 µA (the voltage is about -5.3 kV) . The grid plate [C] ensures that the charge is uniformly spread out. The zener diode [D] ensures that the charge on the drum does not exceed -750 ± 50 V. The charge corona unit contains a wire cleaner [E] for user maintenanace. The ozone fan on the left hand side of the machine provides air flow to the charge corona unit, and the ozone filter (a paper filter coated with carbon) decomposes the ozone generated around the drum by the corona discharge.
2-10
June 10th, 1997
DETAILED SECTION DESCRIPTIONS PRINTING
Charger Leak Detection: The machine detects a charger leak error when the FCU CN21-8 stays low for 3 seconds or more (6 seconds or more at power on) either while in standby mode or while the corona wire is being charged. When this occurs, the machine warns the customer by lighting the Call Service indicator (error code 9-17). Charge Control
Fusing Unit Cover Interlock Switch
ON/OFF 24VPP
21-1
Leak Signal
IC8 EXIO QA1
21-8
Power Pack Charge
21-3
FCIP2
-698V
Power Pack Driver
FCU
H523D505.wmf
In this machine, a higher corona wire current is used to counter black bands on copies. The charge on the drum exceeds the zener diode voltage as a result of this higher current.
2-11
Detailed Section Descriptions
DETAILED SECTION DESCRIPTIONS PRINTING
June 10th, 1997
2.2.4. Laser Exposure
[E] [F]
[D]
[B]
[A]
[C]
H523D524.wmf
1. Overview The components of the laser section are the same as those described in the section 4-3-3 of the Group 3 Facsimile manual. The drum [A] is positioned in the same plane as the laser unit, so there is no mirror to change the optical path. Points to note: · The focusing lens [B] is a barrel toroidal lens. · The shield glass [C] prevents toner and dust from entering the laser optics area. · An optical fiber [D] passes the reflected laser beam to the laser sychronization detector circuit in the FCU. · The shape of the mirror [E] is hexagonal. · The strength of the beam emitted from the LD unit [F] is 5 mW at a wavelength of 780 nm. · The dimensions of the dot on the drum are 85 µm by 85 µm. The hexagonal mirror motor speed depends on the printing resolution: · Copy and G3 l/mm mode (16 x 15.4 dots/mm): 10366.6 rpm · Copy and G3 I/inch mode (400 x 400 dots/inch): 10566.6 rpm 7926.6 rpm · Printer mode (300 x 300 dots/inch): The charge on the exposed section of the drum drops to about -100 V while non-exposed areas it remains at about -750 V.
Cross-reference Group 3 Facsimile Manual: section 4-3-3
2-12
June 10th, 1997
DETAILED SECTION DESCRIPTIONS PRINTING
2. Block Diagram
FCU
Laser Synch Detector
Laser Synch Detector Circuit
LDDR
Laser Diode Controller
1-2 1-4 1-6
LD Enable
FCIP2
26-7 26-5 26-3
DATA Control
LIF
Laser Diode
Polygon Mirror Mirror Motor Enable Drive Unit
Mirror Motor Lock 14-4
14-3
EXIO
H523D506.wmf
The LIF block in the FCIP2 monitors and controls the laser diode power (FCU CN26-3) and transfers data for printing to the laser diode (FCU CN26-5).
Cross-reference Group 3 Facsimile Manual: page 4-3-13
3. Error Conditions LD Failure Detection: The machine detects LD failure when the Laser Synchronization signal is not detected within 10 ms of the LD ready signal. When this occurs, the machine warns the customer with the Call Service indicator (error code 9-20). Mirror Motor Error: The machine detects a mirror motor error when FCU CN14-4 does not go low within 10 seconds of the hexagonal mirror motor being turned on. The machine also detects a mirror motor error when FCU CN14-4 goes back to high for 3 seconds or more during mirror motor operation. When either of these errors occurs, the machine warns the customer with the Call Service indicator (error code 9-23).
2-13
Detailed Section Descriptions
DETAILED SECTION DESCRIPTIONS PRINTING
June 10th, 1997
4. Print Density Adjustment (1).Copy And Facsimle Mode The FCIP2 controls print image density by changing the laser pulse width to adjust the width of the dots across the page. The beam strength is not adjusted in this model. The following table shows the relationship between the pulse width and the image density.
Mode Copy Mode 115 % Enlarge 122 % in Copying 141 % 200 % Fax Mode Normal Halftone Normal Halftone Normal Halftone Normal Halftone Normal Halftone Normal Halftone Image Density Lighten 40 % 40 % 40 % 40 % 50 % 50 % 43 % 43 % 40 % 40 % 40 % 20 %
Normal 80 % 80 % 100 % 80 % 100 % 83 % 100 % 86 % 100 % 80 % 100 % 20 %
Darken 160 % 160 % 160 % 160% 150 % 150 % 157 % 157 % 160 % 160 % 160 % 100 %
To change the pulse width, the duty cycle of the laser pulse is changed. For example, to make the print density 40% of normal, the laser is only kept on for 40% of the normal duration for each pixel. (2).Print Mode The FCIP2 controls print image density by changing the toner application roller bias and development roller bias. Changing bias Toner application roller bias: from -850V to -550V Development roller bias : from -500V to -300V
2-14
June 10th, 1997
DETAILED SECTION DESCRIPTIONS PRINTING
5. Enlargement For enlargement, the FCIP2 controls the magnification ratio by changing the interval between pulses in the laser clock signals. So, for example, the clock signal pulse interval for 200% enlargement is twice as long as the interval for normal (100%) image reproduction. This makes each image pixel for 200% enlargement become twice as long as each pixel for normal image reproduction. During copying, a main scan resolution of 16 dots/mm is used, and smoothing is not done on images of this resolution. In enlargement, since each pixel is enlarged, video processing such as smoothing cannot be done. 6. Toner Saving Mode In this machine, toner saving is done by reducing the number of dots actually printed, not by varying the development bias. In toner saving mode, the image data is filtered through the following four-line matrix. 1st 2nd 3rd 4th line line line line 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
(1: Actual data printed, black or white; 0: Always a white pixel) Notes: · Toner saving mode only works when printing fax messages and reports. (However, toner saving is disabled in NSF/NSS halftone mode, that is, when bit 126 of the NSF/NSS frame is set to 1.) · When toner saving mode is selected, the print image density is automatically set to "Normal"; in some cases, the image may become invisible if the Lighter setting is used.
Cross Reference Toner Saving Mode: User parameter 12, bit 2
Edge Enhancement In toner saving mode, the machine prints a black pixel whenever the data changes from white to black in the main scan direction. In this way, edges on the image are printed more clearly.
2-15
Detailed Section Descriptions
DETAILED SECTION DESCRIPTIONS PRINTING
June 10th, 1997
2.2.5. Toner Supply
[A]
[B] [C]
H523D525.wmf
This machine uses monocomponent toner, which is composed of resin and ferrite. The toner mixing bar [A] stirs and carries toner to the toner supply roller [B]. The toner supply roller supplies toner to the development unit. The main motor [C] drives the toner supply mechanism through a gear train.
[E] [D] [G]
[F]
H523D526.wmf
Toner is supplied to the development unit from the outer openings [D, E] of the CTM. The spiral mechanism [F] on the toner supply bar distributes toner through the development unit. Openings in the central area of the CTM [G] allow toner to circulate upwards from the development unit. This circulation prevents excessive toner supply to the development unit and ensures that the toner remains fresh (this helps to prevent blurred images).
2-16
June 10th, 1997
DETAILED SECTION DESCRIPTIONS PRINTING
Initial Toner Supply Mode When the first CTM is installed in a new machine, the machine automatically supplies toner to the development unit for 90 seconds. This will also be done automatically after a RAM reset level 1 or 2 is performed.
Detailed Section Descriptions
Initial toner supply mode must also be executed by a technician when the development unit is replaced.
Cross-reference Initial toner supply mode: RAM address 8003B0 (See sections 4-5 and 5-4-5 for details)
CTM Detection At the following times, the machine detects whether a CTM is installed by checking the power supply to the quenching lamp (this is part of the CTM). · At power-up. · When the machine comes back to normal mode from the Level 2 Power Saver Mode. · When the cover is opened and then closed. The machine disables all printing processes if a CTM is not installed.
2-17
DETAILED SECTION DESCRIPTIONS PRINTING
June 10th, 1997
Toner End Detection
[A]
H523D527.wmf
Toner near-end is detected by the toner end sensor [A], which is located below the toner tank.
FCU Toner Tank
+24V
Toner End Sensor
8-4 8-5
FCIP2
H523D507.wmf
While the main motor is rotating, the machine detects toner end by the voltage output from the toner end sensor . The voltage from the sensor is close to 5 V when the toner tank is full and becomes low when toner is almost empty. Toner near-end condition: When the cpu detects a low output from the toner end sensor for more than 5 s, the cpu starts to blink the Add Toner indicator (LCD). This is the toner near-end condition. Toner end condition: After toner near-end is detected, the machine can print 100 more sheets, then the cpu disables printing (this is the toner end condition). The machine clears the toner near-end or toner end condition when the power is switched off and back on or when the cover is opened and closed, if the output from the toner end sensor goes back high again.
2-18
June 10th, 1997
DETAILED SECTION DESCRIPTIONS PRINTING
2.2.6. Development
[C]
[E]
[D] [B]
H523D528.wmf
Overview
[A]
There are two development rollers in the development unit: the Toner Application Roller and the Development Roller. The toner supply bar [A] stirs and carries toner to the toner application roller [B]. Toner is attracted to the toner application roller because it has a magnetic layer. As the toner application roller turns past the toner metering blade [C], only a thin coating of negatively charged toner particles stays adhered. (Refer to section 4-4-2 of the Group 3 Facsimile manual.) During printing, a bias voltage of -700 V is applied to the toner application roller and another bias voltage of -400 V is applied to the development roller. The toner is carried from the toner application roller to the development roller [D] by the potential difference between these two rollers. The exposed area on the drum [E] is at -100 V. The development roller applies toner to these areas of the latent image as they turn past the drum. The development roller is made of a soft rubber so it does not damage the surface of the drum. The development roller is provided as a separate spare part because it always contacts the toner application roller, and so may become dented. The speed ratio between the drum, development roller, and the toner application roller is about 1 : 1 : 3. The toner application roller rotates three times as fast as the development roller, so it deposits a layer of toner three times as thick on the development roller. This leads to a clearer image. Also, the toner application roller rotates in the opposite direction to the development roller, which helps to keep the toner level on the development roller.
2-19
Detailed Section Descriptions
DETAILED SECTION DESCRIPTIONS PRINTING
June 10th, 1997
Development Bias
[A] [A] [E]
[D] [C] [B]
H523D529.wmf H523D530.wmf
The power pack [A] applies one bias voltage to the toner application roller [B], toner metering blade [C], and bias brush [D], and a different voltage to the development roller [E].
Bias Control (During Printing) A charge of -700 ± 40 V is applied to the toner application roller, and -400 ±10 V is applied to the development roller. Toner transfers from the toner application roller to the development roller and on to the laser-exposed areas drum as shown below.
Print Data White Black Toner
GND - 100V Drum Exposed Area
- 400V
Development Roller
- 700V - 750V
Toner Application Roller Drum Surface Voltage
H523D531.wmf
2-20
June 10th, 1997
DETAILED SECTION DESCRIPTIONS PRINTING
Bias Control (After Each Page) After each page, the machine removes toner from the development roller and returns it to the development unit. To do this, -400V is applied to the development roller, but no bias is applied to the toner application roller. Toner does not transfer to the development roller at "A", but remains on the toner application roller when it passes between the two rollers. The remaining toner on the develpment roller does not transfer to the drum at "B", but transfers to the toner application roller at "C". In some cases, positively charged toner may transfer to the drum in this condition. So, a positive current is applied to the transfer roller after each page, so that the positively charged toner does not transfer to the transfer roller.
Toner Toner Application Roller
C
Drum
- 750 V - 400V B
Development Roller
A
- 400V
Toner Application Roller
GND
H523D532.wmf
GND
- 400V
Development Roller
- 750 V
Drum Surface Voltage
H523D533.wmf
2-21
Detailed Section Descriptions
DETAILED SECTION DESCRIPTIONS PRINTING
June 10th, 1997
Bias Control (Other) At the start and the