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TEKTRON I X
7L13
SPECTRUM
ANALYZER
I NSTRUCT I ON MANUAL
Tek t ron i x , Inc.
P . O . Box 500
Beaver ton , Or egon 97005 Ser i a l Numbe r


070-1673-00 F i rst Pr i nt i ng APR 1974
WARRANTY

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de f ec t i ve ma t er i a l s and wor kmansh i p for one year .
Any ques t i ons w i th respec t to t he war rant y , shou l d
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represent a t i ve .

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or represent a t i ve in your area . Th i s wi l l assure you
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Spec i f i ca t i ons and pr i ce change pr i v i l eges reserved .

Copyr i gh t c 1974 by Tek t ron i x , Inc ., Beave r t on ,
Oregon . Pr i nt ed i n the Un i t ed St a t es of Ame r i ca . Al l
r i ght s reserved . Con t en t s of th i s pub l i ca t i on may no t
be r eproduced in any f orm w i thou t pe rm i ss i on of
Tek t ron i x , Inc .

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TEKTRON I X is a reg i s t ered t r adema r k of Tek t ron i x ,
I
TABLE OF CONTENTS
SECT I ON 1 GENERAL I NFORMAT I ON & SPEC I F I CAT I ONS Page
E l ec t r i ca l Charac t er i s t i cs 1-2
Env i ronmen t a l Charac t er i s t i cs 1-4
Accessor i es

SECT I ON 2 OPERAT I NG I NSTRUCT I ONS
In t roduc t i on 2-1
Func t i on of the Fron t Pane l Con t ro l s .
Ope ra t i ona l Check 2-5
Us i ng the Ana l yze r 2-9
S i gna l App l i ca t i on
Reso l u t i on , Sens i t i v i t y , and F r equency Span 2-10
Ga i n Desens i t i za t i on Nea r 0 Hz 2-11
Us i ng t he V i deo F i l ter
Se l ec t i ng Sweep Ra t e
Tr i gge r i ng the D i sp l ay 2-12
Manua l Scan of the Spec t rum
How to Use an Ex t erna l Sweep Sour ce
Ex t erna l Tr i gge r Ope ra t i on
Us i ng t he CAL OUT S i gna l Re f e r ence for Accur a t e
F r equency and Amp l i t ude Measur emen t s 2-13
Us i ng t he Ana l yze r Be l ow 100 kHz 2-14

SECT I ON 3 PERFORMANCE CHECK
Ope ra t i ona l Pe r f ormance and I ns t rumen t Fam i l i ar i za t i on 3-1
Equ i pmen t Requ i r ed
Pre l i m i na ry Prepa ra t i on
Check the 10 dB / D i v and L I N Mode Ca l i bra t i on
Check the F r equency Readou t Accur acy 3-2
Check the Range of t he REF VAR Con t ro l , the
Range and Accur acy of t he Ga i n Se l ec tor , and
t he Ga i n Accur acy of the 10 dB Pushbu t t on
Check t he Ope ra t i on of the V i deo F i l ters 3-3
Check Sens i t i v i t y
Check Spur i ous S i gna l s f rom Int erna l Sour ces
(Res i dua l Responses ) 3-5
Check Reso l u t i on Bandw i d t h and Shape Fac t or
Check Inc i dent a l W i ng 3-6
Check Sweep C i rcu i t Ope r a t i on w i th t he T I ME / D I V in the
MANUAL , and OFF Pos i t i ons 3-7
Pe r f ormance Checks Requ i r i ng Tes t Equ i pmen t
Equ i pmen t Requ i r ed
Check t he Ca l i bra tor F r equency 3-9
Check Ca l i bra tor Ou t pu t Leve l
Check RF At t enua t or Accur acy 3-10
Check D i sp l ay F l a tness
Check I n t e rmodu l a t i on D i s tor t i on 3-11
Check Pu l se St re t cher Ope r a t i on 3-12
Check Tr i gge r i ng Ope r a t i on and Sens i t i v i t y 3-13
Check The Ex t erna l Hor i zon t a l Inpu t Vo l t age Requ i r emen t 3-14
Check the V i deo Ou t pu t Leve l 3-15
Check F r equency Span Accur acy and L i near i t y
Check T i me / D i v Accur acy 3-16
TABLE OF CONTENTS (cont )
SECT I ON 4 CAL I BRAT I ON Page
Equ i pmen t Requ i r ed 4-1
Shor t Form Procedur e and Record
T i me Base Sec t i on
Ad j us t Sweep Leng t h , Of f se t , and Tr i gge r i ng 4-3
Func t i on IF A l i gnmen t 4-6
Ad j us t the L I N Mode Base l i ne Of f se t
Ad j us t the Ga i n Compensa t i on and Ca l i bra t e t he
Re f e r ence Leve l
1s t LO Phase Lock Loop
Er ror Amp l i f i er Of f se t Ad j us t men t 4-8
F r equency Span and 1s t LO Ca l i bra t i on
Ad j us t the F r equency Span of the 1s t LO and t he
16-19 MHz Osc i l l a tors
Ca l i bra t e t he Cen t e r F r equency and F r equency Readou t 4-10
Phase Lock Ca l i bra t i on Ad j us t men t s
Ad j us t Memo r y Ga i n 4-11
Ad j us t Er ror Amp l i f i er Ga i n
Reso l u t i on
Ad j us t t he Bandpass of the 105 MHz I F Amp l i f i er
and 300 kHz F i l ter 4-12
Ad j us t t he Reso l u t i on Ga i n Leve l i ng Compensa t i on 4-14
Ad j us t the Pos t Reso l u t i on Amp l i f i er Ga i n 4-16
M i n i m i ze I n t e rmodu l a t i on Produc t s
50 MHz Ca l i bra tor
Ad j us t t he Ca l i bra tor Ou t pu t

SECT I ON 5 C I RCU I T DESCR I PT I ON
B l ock D i agr am Desc r i p t i on 5-1
De t a i l ed C i rcu i t Desc r i p t i on 5-2
RF or M i c rowave C i rcu i t s
Phase Lock and F r equency St ab l i za t i on 5-3
Y I G Dr i ver , Vo l t age Memo r y and Phase Lock Log i c 5-4
F r equency Tun i ng Con t ro l and Readou t 5-5
Tun i ng Con t ro l
Y I G Dr i ver
F r equency Span 5-6
Ma r ke r Gene r a t or
105 MHz I F Amp l i f i er , 3rd M i xe r and Osc i l l a tor
10 MHz IF Pre - reso l ut i on Amp l i f i er and
Reso l u t i on F i l ter C i rcu i t s
Y I G Osc i l l a tor Powe r Supp l y 5-7
30 Hz F i l ter
50 MHz Ca l i bra tor
Func t i on IF Amp l i f i er
V i deo F i l ter , Pu l se s t re t cher , Base l i ne C l i ppe r
& Ver t i ca l Ou t pu t 5-8
F r equency Readou t 5-9
Unca l C i rcu i t 5-11
Sweep Tr i gge r i ng Sweep Gene r a t or and
Hor i zon t a l Amp l i f i ers 5-12
TABLE OF CONTENTS (cont )
SECT I ON 6 MA I NTENANCE I NSTRUCT I ONS Page
Preven t i ve Ma i n t enance 6-1
C l ean i ng
Lubr i ca t i on
V i sua l Inspec t i on
Trans i s tor and Int egra t ed C i rcu i t Checks
Pe r f ormance Checks and Reca l i bra t i on
Troub l eshoo t i ng 6-2
Troub l eshoo t i ng A i ds
D i agr ams
C i rcu i t Boa rd I l l ust ra t i ons
W i r i ng Co l or Code
Mu l t i p l e Te rm i na l (Ha rmon i c ) Connec t or Ho l de rs
Res i s tor Code
Capac i t or Ma r k i ng
D i ode Co l or Code
Trans i s tor and Int egra t ed C i rcu i t E l ec t rode Con f i gura t i on
D i ode Checks 6-3
I C Checks
Gene r a l Troub l eshoo t i ng Tech i nque
Cor rec t i ve Ma i n t enance 6-5
Ob t a i n i ng Rep l acemen t Par t s
Repa i r and Exchange Progr am
So l de r i ng Techn i que
Rep l ac i ng Squa r e P i ns for Mu l t i -p i n Connec t ors 6-6
Rep l ac i ng Assemb l i es
F ron t Pane l Con t ro l s and Se l ec tors
C i rcu i t Boa rd Assemb l i es 6-8
DVM Log i c and Readou t C i rcu i t Boa rd
Rep l ac i ng the Sweep C i rcu i t Boa rd
Rep l ac i ng the IF Func t i on C i rcu i t Boa rd 6-10
Rep l ac i ng the Reso l u t i on C i rcu i t Boa rd
Rep l ac i ng C i rcu i t Boa rds i n the Honeycomb Assemb l y
Rep l ac i ng M i c rowave Assemb l i es
Rep l ac i ng the 2 . 095 GHz F i l ter Assemb l y A10 ,
or t he Mu l t i p l i e r -Bandpass F i l ter A401 6-11
Rep l ac i ng the Mu l t i p l er 2 . 18 GHz Bandpass
F i l ter and 16-19 MHz M i xe r C i rcu i t Boa rd Assemb l y 6-13

SECT I ON 7 OPT I ONS AND MOD I F I CAT I ONS

SECT I ON 8 ELECTR I CAL PARTS L I ST

SECT I ON 9 D I AGRAMS AND C I RCU I T BOARD I LLUSTRAT I ONS

SECT I ON 10 MECHAN I CAL PARTS L I ST

CHANGE I NFORMAT I ON
F i g . 1-1 . 71-13 Spec t rum Ana l yze r .
Sec t i on 1-71-13


GENERAL I NFORMAT I ON
AND
SPEC I F I CAT I ONS
I NTRODUCT I ON assemb l y and componen t l oca t i ons . IC l og i c d i agrams ,
wave f orms and vo l t age da ta , for t roub l eshoot i ng orc i rcu i t
Abbrev i a t i ons used in the text and d i agrams are based ana l ys i s , are a l so prov i ded ad j acent to or on the d i agram .
on ANS I Y 1 .1, 1972 St andards . Th i s manua l is d i v i ded i nto
ten ma j or sec t i ons tha t prov i de the fo l l ow i ng i nforma t i on :
Sec t i on 10 - Mechan i ca l Par ts Li st , Exp l oded
Sec t i on 1 - Genera l Informa t i on and Spec i f i ca t i ons : Draw i ngs and Accessor i es : Prov i des i nforma t i on
Cont a i ns the i ns t rument descr i pt i on and spec i f i ca t i ons . necessary to order rep l aceab l e par ts . The Par ts L i st is
cross- re f erenced to the E l ect r i ca l Par ts Li st . Exp l oded
draw i ng shows sequence of assemb l y and i dent i f i es
Sec t i on 2 - Opera t i on Inst ruc t i ons : Informa t i on assemb l i es.
re l at i ve to insta l l ing and opera t i ng the i ns t rument .

Changes and Cor rec t i ons : Prov i des upda t i ng i nforma-
Sec t i on 3 - Pe r f ormance Check : Prov i des procedures t i on for the manua l in the form of i nser ts . These i nser ts are
to check the opera t i ona l pe r f ormance of the i ns t rument i ncorpora t ed i nto the manua l text and d i agrams when the
p l us add i t i ona l pe r f ormance check procedures tha t re- manua l is repr i nt ed .
qu i re test equ i pmen t to ver i fy tha t i ns t rument per for -
mance is in accordance to spec i f i ca t i ons .
DESCR I PT I ON
Sec t i on 4 - Ca l i bra t i on Procedure : Descr i bes test The 71-13 Spec t rum Ana l yzer is a h i gh-per formance
equ i pmen t se tup and ad j us tment procedures requ i red to commun i ca t i on spec t rum ana l yzer tha t p l ugs i nto and
ca l i bra te the i ns t rument . opera t es w i th the 7000-Ser i es ma i n f rame osc i l l oscopes . I t
is a swep t f ront end ana l yzer tha t d i sp l ays abso l ut e
amp l i tude i nforma t i on of s i gna l s w i th i n the f requency
Sec t i on 5 - Ci rcu i t Descr i pt i on : Prov i des bas i c and span of 0 Hz to 1 .8 GHz . T i me doma i n charac ter i st i cs ,
genera l c i rcu i t ana l ys i s tha t may be use fu l when serv i c i ng w i th i n a 3 MHz bandpass , can a l so be d i sp l ayed .
or opera t i ng the i ns t rument .

Impor t ant f ea tures of the 71-13 are : 1) Grea t er than
Sec t i on 6 - Ma i n t enance Inst ruc t i ons : Descr i bes 70 dB dynam i c range . 2) Sens i t i v i ty down to -128 dBm .
rout i ne and cor rec t i ve ma i n t enance procedures w i th 3) Reso l ut i on capab i l i ty f rom 3 MHz to 30 Hz .
de ta i l ed i nst ruc t i ons for rep l ac i ng assemb l i es , sub- 4) Inc i denta l W i ng l ess than 10 Hz . 5) Fu l l y ca l i bra t ed
assemb l i es , and i nd i v i dua l componen t s . Troub l eshoot i ng d i sp l ay modes of e i ther 10 dB/D i v , 2 dB/D i v , or L i near ;
procedures , p l us genera l i nforma t i on tha t may a i d in and a ca l i bra t ed re f erence l eve l in dBm . 6) Ca l i bra t ed
serv i c i ng the i nst rument , are a l so prov i ded . An exp l oded sweep spans f rom 100 MHz / D i v to 200 Hz / D i v . 7) D i g i ta l
draw i ng is par t of Sec t i on 10 . f requency readout . 8) Fu l l range of v i deo f i l ter ing for no i se
averag i ng . 9) Base l i ne c l i pp i ng to subdue the br i ght
base l i ne of d i sp l ays when photograph i ng . 10) Pu l se
Sec t i on 7 - Opt i ons : Descr i bes opt i ons ava i l ab l e for st re tch i ng , to enhance pu l sed spec t ra when us i ng w i de
the i ns t rument . f requency spans and reso l ut i on bandw i d ths . 11) Access
for a t rack i ng genera tor . 12) F requency and amp l i tude
re f erence ca l i bra tor .
Sec t i on 8 - E l ect r i ca l Par ts L i st : Prov i des i nforma t i on
necessary to order rep l aceab l e par ts and assemb l i es .
I f the 7000-Ser i es ma i n f rame f ea tures cr t readout , the
s i gna l parame t ers and other per t i nent i nforma t i on , such
Sec t i on 9 - D i agrams : Prov i des func t i ona l b l ock as reso l ut i on bandw i dth , v i deo f i l ter ing, and f requency
d i agram and de ta i l ed c i rcu i t schema t i cs . Loca t ed ad j a- span , are d i sp l ayed on the cr t readout to s i mp l i fy the
cent to the d i agram (usua l l y on the back of the preced i ng opera t i on of the i ns t rument . Records can then be made of
d i agram) are p i c tora l l ayout draw i ngs tha t show sub- per t i nent da t a by pho tograph i ng the d i sp l ay .
Spec i f i ca t i on -7L13

The ana l yzer requ i res t hree p l ug- i n w i d t hs in t he 7000- STAB I L I TY (a f t er a 2 hour wa r mup pe r i od)
Ser i es ma i n f r ame .
W i t h i n 2 kHz pe r hour a t a f i xed t empe ra t ure , when '^
phase l ocked ; w i th i n 50 kHz when no t phase l ocked .


ELECTR I CAL CHARACTER I ST I CS
I NC I DENTAL FM ( see F i g . 3-5)
The f o l l ow i ng charac t er i s t i cs and f ea tures of t he 7L13 10 Hz (peak - to-peak ) or l ess when phase l ocked , and
Spec t rum Ana l yze r a re app l i cab l e a f t er a wa rmup per i od 10 kHz (peak - to-peak ) or l ess for 5 seconds when ou t of
of 30 m i nu t es or mor e . phase l ocked mode .


CENTER FREQUENCY
V I DEO F I LTER I NG
Range : 1 kHz to 1 .8 GHz .
Thr ee se l ec t i ons of v i deo f i l ter i ng ; 10 Hz , 300 Hz and
30 kHz a re prov i ded for s i gna l or no i se ave rag i ng .
Reso l u t i on of t he Cen t e r F r equency Ind i ca tor: W i t h i n
1 MHz .
D I SPLAY
Accur acy : f (5 MHz + 20% of t he F req Span / D i v ) . LOG 10 dB / D I V : Prov i des a ca l i bra t ed 70 dB dynam i c
r ange w i th an accur acy tha t is w i th i n 0 .1 dB/ 1 dB to a
max i mum of 1 .5 dB ove r t he ful l dynam i c r ange .
The cen t e r f r equency is i nd i ca t ed by LED r eadou t on
t he 7L13 and cr t r eadou t when t he 7000-Se r i es ma i n f r ame
has th i s f ea ture . LOG 2 dB / D I V : Prov i des a ca l i bra t ed 14 dB dynam i c
r ange w i th an accur acy tha t is w i th i n t 0 .4 dB / 2 dB to a
max i mum of 1 .0 dB ove r t he 14 dB dynam i c r ange .
FREQUENCY SPAN

Ca l i bra t ed spans f rom 200 Hz / D i v to 100 MHz / D i v i n a L I N : Prov i des a l i near d i sp l ay f rom approx i ma t e l y
1-2-5 sequence , p l us O Hz and MAX SPAN pos i t i ons . In t he 0 .7 / j V (100 dBm) ful l sca l e , to 7 . 07 vo l t s (+30 dBm) .
0 Hz pos i t i on , t he ana l yzer is a f i xed t uned rece i ver for Amp l i t ude l i near i ty is w i th i n 10% ove r t he gra t i cu l e he i ght .
t i me doma i n ana l ys i s . In t he MAX SPAN pos i t i on t he
f r equency span is approx i ma t e l y 1 .8 GHz .

REFERENCE LEVEL
Accur acy : W i th i n 5%o f t he i nd i ca t ed f r equency sepa ra -
t i on . L i near i t y ove r t he cen t er 8 d i v i s i ons is w i th i n 5% . Re f e r ence l eve l ope ra t i on is i n ca l i bra t ed 10 dB s t eps
f rom -110 dBm to +30 dBm , w i th i n t 2 dB . (Accur acy
i nc l udes t he a t t enua tor and ga i n sw i t ch i ng e f f ec t s when
t he t wo a re no t of f se t t i ng each o t he r . ) Re f e r ence l eve l
RESOLUT I ON
ope ra t i on be l ow 100 kHz becomes l i m i t ed to a r ange f rom
S i x reso l ut i on bandw i d t h se l ec t i ons f rom 30 Hz to +30 dBm t o -50 dBm as the cen t e r f r equency approaches
3 MHz , i n decade s t eps , a re prov i ded . Reso l u t i on 1 kHz .
bandw i d t h may be coup l ed or uncoup l ed f rom t he f re-
quency span se l ec tor .
Re f e r ence l eve l dev i a t i on , be t ween d i sp l ay modes , is
l ess t han 2 dB f rom 2 dB / D I V to 10 dB / D I V and l ess than
Bandw i d t h accur acy : Reso l u t i on bandw i d t h , at t he 0 .5 d i v i s i ons f rom 2 dB / D I V to L I N. Th i s dev i a t i on is a
6 dB down po i nt , is w i th i n 20% of t he reso l ut i on se l ec t ed . func t i on of t he osc i l l oscope ver t i ca l l i near i ty .


Shape f ac tor (60 :6 dB ra t i o) : 12 :1 or be t t er for 30 Hz An L I NCAL i nd i ca tor s i gn i f i es when t he d i sp l ay is no t
reso l ut i on and 4 :1 or be t t er w i th reso l ut i on of 300 Hz or ca l i bra t ed .
mor e excep t 3 MHz . Max i mum bandw i d t h 60 dB down
w i t h 3 MHz reso l ut i on , is 13 MHz .
D I SPLAY FLATNESS
S i gna l l eve l change ove r t he s i x reso l ut i on bandw i d t h +1 dB , - 2 dB w i th respec t to t he l eve l at 50 MHz , ove r
se l ec t i ons is l ess t han 0 .5 dB . any se l ec t ed f r equency span .
Spec i f i ca t i on -7L13

CAL I BRATOR pos i t i ons prov i de an add i t i ona l 40 dB of ga i n on l y in t he
2 dB / D I V and L I N modes. The 10 dB pushbu t t on prov i des
50 MHz