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AUTOMATED VECTOR
NETWORK ANALYSIS
AT
MILLIMETER-W AVE
FREQUENCIES
JEFF CAUFFIELD
Network Measurements Division
1400 Fountain Grove Parkway
Santa Rosa, Ca. 95401
RF ~ Microwave
Measurement
Symposium
and
Exhibition
rlin- HEWLETT
1 -.:~ PACKARD
www.HPARCHIVE.com
AUTOMATED VECTOR NETWORK ANALYSIS
AT MILLIMETER-WAVE FREQUENCIES
This paper describes both the hardware and
software techniques used to extend the
measurement capabilities of the HP 8510
network analyzer to cover the 26.5 to 60 GHz
waveguide bands using available hardware.
System operation, methods of calibration,
calibration standards, and other factors
affecting system performance will be
discussed. Measurement results, including
group delay and time domain, will be shown for
a variety of devices.
V/"
Author: Jeff Cauffield, R&D Engineer, HP
Network Measurements Division, Santa Rosa, CA.
BS Engineering Physics (1977) and Master of
Engineering (1978), Cornell University. with
HP since 1978, contributed to the design of
the HP 8510A Network Analyzer. Currently
involved with the extension of the HP 8510 to
millimeter-wave frequencies.
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AUTOMATED VECTOR
NETWORK ANALYSIS
AT
MILLIMETER-W AVE
FREQUENCIES
3651
Hardware and software techniques used to
extend the measurement capabilities of
the HP 85l0A Network Analyzer to cover
OUTLINE OF TOPICS the 26.5 to 60 GHz waveguide bands using
available hardware will be described.
Calibration standards and techniques
I. DESCRIPTION OF SYSTEM will be discussed and results
demonstrated. Factors affecting system
II. CALIBRATION performance are explained. Finally,
measurement results on typical devices
III. SYSTEM PERFORMANCE will be shown, including group delay and
time domain.
IV. TYPICAL MEASUREMENTS
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I. DESCRIPTION OF SYSTEM
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Some key features of the system include:
a dynamic range of 80 to 100 dB FEATURES
depending on averaging, data acquisition
rate, and accuracy similar to a
- Dynamic r~lnge of 80 to 100 dB depending
microwave HP 8510 operated in stepped CW on averaging.
mode, stimulus control via an external
calculator, bypassing the HP 8510 - Accuracy and speed similar to microwave
samplers for less conversion loss, and a HP 8510 stepped CW operation.
reflection/transmission test set with - Series 200 controller replaces HP 8510
flexible heads. These features offer stimulus block. Sources are controlled
impressive new measurement capabilities. by calculator, not HP 8510.
- No HP 8510 series test set required.
No sampler conversion loss.
- Reflection/Transmission test set with
flexible heads.
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The simplified block diagram shows the
20 MHz
HP 8510 Network Analyzer, two 8341
Synthesizers, 8349 Power Amplifier, Millimeter-wave
Signal Source
doubler or tripIer, reflection/ LO r- --- H";;9705;,;'- -,
transmission test, and an HP 9000 HP 8341A
or 8340A
Frequency
Multiplier
I
I
I
I
I ,...--, I
Series-200 Computer. Portions of the
)-f,;-;,--t+1It---==X-"---_.::.cX"-----il1 OUT~I
~ I
incident, reflected, and transmitted I I I I
I I I I
signals are coupled from the main signal ~-------~ Test Set
Millimeter-wave
~---~
path and applied to each of three
millimeter-wave harmonic mixers. One
synthesizer, amplifier, and multiplier
serves as the millimeter source. The
other synthesizer serves as the common
local oscillator for each of the
harmonic mixers. Frequencies are chosen
so that the intermediate frequency is
exactly 20 MHz which is routed directly
to the 85102 IF/Detector bypassing the 3654
standard HP 8510 Test Set.
The reflectometer head consists of a ,
,------- ------,
, I
frequency multiplier for the millimeter I
,
I
I
I
source, a dual arm directional coupler
,
, ::==::'
t
to sample incident and reflected ,
I
,
signals, and two harmonic mixers. _______________ .JI
HEAO
Isolators (optional) can be used for
improved source match and mixer spur
reduction. A 2-8 GHz power splitter
provides a common LO to the harmonic
mixers. IF preamplifiers are used to
--
'-
t
t
I
I
raise the signals to the proper level I
I
I
for the HP 8510. The reflectometer head .~~Ilm J
generally remains fixed. Incident power
can be leveled at the 20 MHz IF, the
11-20 GHz multiplier input, or at the
millimeter output frequency.
3655
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The transmission head consists of a
single directional coupler, termination,
OUTPUT
HEAD low-pass filter and isolator, and
,--------------------------------, harmonic mixer. The low-pass filter and
I
I
I isolator are recommended for best
I O""C:I!ONI
dynamic range as they reduce mixer
I
I ~~
--------------lr----<~
1-1
:~tilt X lOdB
spurs. The transmission head LO uses a
P~.
Tenn'~11Oft long, .14l-inch, semi-rigid cable for
flexibility. The head can be moved to
allow insertion of the device under test
eliminating the need for a custom
waveguide return path. Electrical
HP 11970 Senes
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